immunity chap 11

Question 1

explain the process of phagocytes killing pathogens

Answer 1

Chemotaxis - Phgcytes are attracted towrads the chemical that is released by bacteria and protein by blood plasma when pathogens enter the body
attachment - phagocytes bind to antigens on pathogen
engulfing = extends cytoplasm and engulfs into vacuole
killing- lysosome fuses release toxic chem
digestion- lysosome contains lysozyme which hydrolyses the glycosidic bond of bacterial walls.

Question 2

what is antigen and antibody

Answer 2

antigen stimulates the production of antibidy
antibody is made from b-lymphocytes in presence of antigen

Question 3

why does white cells increase during an infection

Answer 3

neutrophils in blood increase rapidly as they leave bone marrow, circulate in the blood and pass through capillary walls
they do not live long after engulfing pathogens
more are produced and released from bone marrow