Immunity and vaccionations Flashcards
What is active immunity?
when your immune system makes its own abs
Natural - when you become immune after catching disease
Artificial - when you become immune after vaccine
What is passive immunity?
when you get given abs made by a different organism
Natural - when a baby becomes immune due to the abs it recieevs from its mother, through placenta or breast milk
Artificial - When become immune after being injected with abs from someone else
How do autoimmune diseases involve an abnormal immune response?
Sometimes body cant recoginse self-antigens - the antigens present on the organisms own cells
The immune system treats them as foreign antigens + launched an immune response against the organisms own tissues
A disease resulting from this abnormal immune response is known as autoimmune disease
How do vaccines work?
Contain antigens that cause your body to produce memory cells against a particular pathogen, without the pathogen causing disease. Means you become immune withiut symptoms
If most ppl are vaccinated then disease becomes rare.
Herd immunity
Vaccines always contain antigens -free or attached or dead or attenuated pathogens
Sometime booster vaccines are given later on to make sure memory cells are produced
Vaccination is not the same as immunisation. Vaccination is the admin of antigens into the body. Immunisation is the process by which you develop immunity. Vaccination causes immunisation
Why do vaccines and vaccination programmes change?
The flu vaccine changes every year. Thast because the antigens on the surface of the flu virus change regularly, forming new strains of the virus
Memory cells produced from vaccines with one strain of the flu will not recognise other strains with different antigens. The strains are immunologically distinct
Every year there are different strains of the flu circulating the pop so different vaccine has to be made
Labs collect samples of the different strains to test the effectiveness of
