Immunity and Reaction Flashcards
primary mediator for type I hypersensitivity reaction
Immunoglobin E ( IgE)
most common allergies
Type I
allergies AKA
atopic
primary mediator for allergic rxn
histamines
signs and symptoms for of allergies
watery and runny eyes
runny nose
sneezing
nasal congestion
itchy rash and hives
extreme or life-threatening type of I hypersensitivity
Anaphylaxis
provides individual protection from diseases
Immunity
triggers an immune response
antigen
attacks an antigen
antibody
two types of immunity
acquired immunity
innate immunity
acquired immunity
produced from exposure
innate immunity
genetically determined, no prior exposure involved
active immunity
produce by antibodies that develop in response to antigens
IgE
Eisonophils
two types of acquired immunity
active immunity and passive immunity
naturally acquired immunity
exposure to the antigens in the environment
induced active immunity
administration of antigens to prevent disease (vaccines)
induced passive immunity
administration of antibodies to prevent infection
naturally passive immunity
transfer of maternal antibodies (monoclonal antibodies)
severe protein deficit
emaciated
Attributes of Immunity
Normal WBC count
Negative bacterial and viral cultures
Soft non-tender lymph nodes
Recognition of self
Recognition of foreign proteins
Antigens can be found in:
Microorganisms
Transplanted organs
Vaccines
Allergens ( pollen, dust)
Local cellular response to infection:
Redness
Swelling
Pain
Heat
Loss of function
Systemic response to infection:
Fever
Increased WBC
Malaise
Anorexia
N/V
Lymph nodes enlargement/ tenderness
Organ failure
non-specific response to something that is harmful to the body
Inflammation
Cause of inflammation remains active
Scar tissue may continue to form rather than normal functional tissue
Chronic Inflammatory Response
Hypersensitive immune reaction to a substance that normally is harmless or would not cause an immune response in everyone
Allergic response
Protein malnutrition causes:
thymus changes
Micronutrients
Zinc
Iron
Selenium
Vitamins
Copper
Stress hormone that suppresses immune system
Corticosteroid
If we have too much corticosteroids we are at a risk of
Infection
Adults are high risk for ____ decrease consumption of water
UTI
Nursing Interventions in Immunity
Education
Hand hygiene
Immunization
Adequate rest and exercise
Nutrition
cells that causes inflammatory rxn
mast cell
once antigen attached to antibody it triggers the ____ to release chemical mediators (______) to go out and cause______
mast cell, histamines, inflammatory rxn
first line of treatment for allegies
epinephrine
epinephrine causes:
vasoconstriction to help increase blood pressure
EPI-PEN
very expensive, light sensitive
antagonizes the effects of histamine at the receptor
benadryl
