immunity

Question 1

active

Answer 1

acquired when an antigen enters the body which triggers an immune response
results in creation of memory cells

Question 2

natural active

Answer 2

through exposure to pathogens

Question 3

artificial active

Answer 3

vaccination

Question 4

passive

Answer 4

acquired without an immune response, antibodies gained from another source
no memory cells created

Question 5

natural passive

Answer 5

foetuses acquire antibodies through placenta from mother
antibodies in breast milk for babies

Question 6

artificial passive

Answer 6

injection of antibodies from another person/ animal
collected from an individual who’s immune system has been triggered by a vaccination

Question 7

vaccinations

Answer 7

cause immune system to respond in same way it would to the disease
antibodies and memory cells are produced

Question 8

types of vaccinations

Answer 8

weakened version of the virus which is harmless
killed bacteria
toxin that has been altered to a harmless form
antigen-bearing fragment of the pathogen

Question 9

pros of vaccinations

Answer 9

if enough people in a population get vaccinated it results in herd immunity
disease is less likely to be transferred from one person to another (if enough people are immunised)
so results in less disease in community as a whole