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Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

Leukocytes/WBC

A

White Blood Cells

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2
Q

What do WBCs Do?

A

Attack/destroy anything foreign

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3
Q

Nurses role in Immunity

A

Prevent Diseases, Promote and Maintain Health Teach and Educate

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4
Q

Define
Immunity

A

Body’s Natural or induced Response to Infection

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5
Q

Define
Antigens

A

Foreign Substance that trigger the immune Response

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6
Q

Define
Immunocompetent

A

Immune Systems that identify antigens and effectively destroys/remove them

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7
Q

Define
Hypersensitivity

A

Overreaction of the immune system to an antigen

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8
Q

Define
Immunodeficiency

A

Develops when the immune system is incompetent or unable to respond effectively

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9
Q

Define
Autoimmune Disorders

A

The immune System loses the ability to recognize its own tissue and begins to attack them.

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10
Q

Define
Opportunistic Infections

A

Infections that would not normally affect people with intact immune systems.

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11
Q

Active Immunity

A

Occurs through:
-Exposure to Disease
-Vaccination
Is long lasting and takes several weeks to develop

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12
Q

Passive Immunity

A

Occurs Through receiving antibodies from another person :
-Mother to Newborn(placenta or breast milk)
-Blood Products
Is immediate protection, lasts only weeks or months

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13
Q

Immunity Non-Modifiable Risk Factors

A

-Genetics
-women > Men
-Age
Organ/Tissue Transplant
Immune Deficiencies
-Child is at greater risk of allergies if parents or older siblings have them

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14
Q

Immunity Modifiable Risk Factors

A

-Stress
-Poor Sleep
-Non-Immunized
-Nutrition
-Poor Hygiene
-Alcohol/Drugs/Cigarettes
-IV drug use/ Risky Social Behaviors
-Poor tissue Integrity

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15
Q

When do Immunizations start?

A

When trans placental immunity decreases (2-18 months depending on the vaccine )

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16
Q

Adult Immunization

A

-May need boosters of childhood vaccines
-Shingles, pneumonia
-When at high risk of infection

16
Q

Parent Education on Immunization

A

Concerns and Beliefs

17
Q

Immunization Contraindications

A

Acute Illness, High fever, hypersensitivity reaction, cancer treatments

17
Q

Immunization Nurses Responsibility

A

Informed Consent Signed

18
Q

How many Hyper sensitivity Reactions?

19
Q

Type I hypersensitivity

A

Immediate
IgE mediated hyper sensitivity

20
Q

Type I Hypersensitivity Localized Examples

A

Allergies, Asthma, Hay Fever

21
Q

Type I Hypersensitivity Systemic Examples

A

Anaphylaxis, Angioedema

22
Q

Type I Hypersensitivity

A

-Can be ingested, injected, inhaled, absorbed
-Histamine Response
-Strong Genetic Predisposition

23
Type I Hypersensitivity Symptoms
15-30 mins -rapid on set sneezing, runny nose, urticaria, swelling, wheezing/strider to anaphylaxis
24
Type I hypersensitivity Treatment
Antihistamines, breathing treatment, corticosteroids, epi pen
25
Type II Hypersensitivity
Cytotoxic Hypersensitivity -Destruction of target cell -Stimulated by -Exogenous antigen -Drug Reaction - Endogenous antigen
26
Type II Hypersensitivity Symptoms
-Dyspnea -fever
27
Type II Hypersensitivity Treatment
-withdrawal of meds -stop transfusion -immunosuppressant drug -corticosteroids
28
Type III Hypersensitivity
Complex mediated hypersensitivity -Inflammation response to targeted tissue -cause of most auto immune disorders
29
Type III Hypersensitivity Systemic
Immune complex deposited in small blood vessels Kidneys joints
30
Type III Hypersensitivity Localized
Immune complexes accumulate at specific site
31
Type III Hypersensitivity Symptoms
Urticaria, fever, joint pain
32
Type III Hypersensitivity Treatment
treat symptoms corticosteroids immunosuppressive drugs NSIADS
33
Type IV Hypersensitivity
Delayed Hypersensitivity -cell-mediated responses -result from exaggerated interaction between antigen, normal cell-mediated mechanisms
34
Type IV Hypersensitivity Examples
Contact Dermatitis Latex Jewelry TB Test Poison Ivy
35
Type IV Hypersensitivity Symptoms
24-48 hrs -fever -erythema -pruitus -edema
36
Type IV Hypersensitivity Treatment
-increase fluids -apply med to rash -moderate pain corticosteroids -antipyretics
37

Health Promotion (13 decks)

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