Immunity

Question 1

Types of immunity

Answer 1

1. innate( Native,Natural)
2. Adaptive

Question 2

Innate immunity

Answer 2

❑Present from birth
❑mediates the initial protection against infections

Question 3

First line of defense in innate immunity

Answer 3

■Skin, epithelial barriers, cells and natural antibiotics

❑block entry of microbes.

Question 4

Second line of defense in innate immunity

Answer 4

❑Phagocytes, natural killer cells, plasma proteins and
proteins of the complement system.
❑rapidly eliminate microbes that succeed in entering
host tissues/circulation

Question 5

Adaptive(Specific, Acquired)immunity

Answer 5

❑Induced by infection or vaccination
❑Develops more slowly with exposure to various
infections
❑Provides more specialized and effective defense against
infections
❑Consists of humoral and cell-mediated immunity
❑Humoral immunity; mediated by antibodies
produced by B lymphocytes
❑Cell-mediated immunity;mediated by T
lymphocytes

Question 6

Passive Immunity(feasible only in genetically
identical animals)

Answer 6

❑Granted on an individual by transfer of
antibodies or lymphocytes from an actively
immunised individual
❑Does not induce long-lived resistance to the
infection
❑Example,newborn babies get antibodies
from their mothers through placenta and breast
milk and tetanus antitoxin