Immunisation

Question 0

How do antibodies protect?

Answer 0

Bind microbes
Prevent viruses entering host cells
Activate phagocytes
Activate complement

Question 1

3 features of acquired immunity

Answer 1

Induced, requires time to develop fully
Specific
Remembers

Question 2

Vaccination

Answer 2

Injecting a safe antigen that mimics the pathogenic ones & induces an adaptive response with immunological memory

Question 3

What is passive immunisation?

Give examples

Answer 3

Administration of pre-formed antibody
Short lived, no memory

Transplacental IgG
IgA colostrum
Injection of Ig from blood donors

Question 4

Active immunisation

Answer 4

Stimulates body to make own antibody

Question 5

What is a toxoid?

Answer 5

An inactivated toxin

Used in immunisation

Question 6

Named a killed vaccine

Answer 6

Cholera vaccine

Question 7

What is pertussis?

Answer 7

Whooping cough

Question 8

When will herd immunity fail?

Answer 8

If disease has another reservoir (eg animals)

If infecting agents undergo antigenic shift (eg influenza)

Question 9

What is herd immunity?

Answer 9

If immunisation levels are high (>90%) a disease can no longer circulate in a population

Question 10

When is Rubella serious?

Answer 10

If a pregnant women gets in, cross placental barrier, devastating effects! Now vaccinated against in boys AND girls. Herd immunity