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Pharm > Immune System Drugs > Flashcards

Immune System Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Alkylating agents prototype

A

Cyclophosphamide

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2
Q

alkylating agents therapeutic use

A

lymphoma, leukemia, ovarian and breast cancers

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3
Q

alkylating agents administration

A

PO and IV

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4
Q

alkylating agents EPA

A

contains Alkyl group in chemical structure > abnormal link between DNA bases, cell cycle non-specific = can kill the cell at any time in the cell cycle

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5
Q

alkylating agents ADRs

A

alopecia, bone marrow suppression, N/V, kidney damage, hemorrhagic cystitis, electrolyte imbalances

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6
Q

alkylating agents RN intervention and client education

A

monitor I&Os
Pre medicate: anti emetics, fluids to help kidneys
Immunosuppression precautions including NO live vaccines

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7
Q

alkylating agents contraindications and interactions

A

pregnancy and lactating, kidney impairment

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8
Q

anthracyclines prototype

A

Doxorubicin

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9
Q

anthracyclines therapeutic use

A

many cancer and in combination with radiation

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10
Q

anthracyclines administration

A

IV

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11
Q

anthracyclines EPA

A

binds with DNA to distort it and kill the cell. Binds to enzyme topoisomerase II to prevent repairing of DN, also killing cell = kill cancer cells and reduce metastasis

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12
Q

anthracyclines ADRs

A

alopecia, cardiac toxicity, red urine and tears, liver and kidney damage

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13
Q

anthracyclines RN intervention and client education

A

Central line!
Cardiac toxicity can occur immediately or months to years later: monitor heart rhythm and function
Monitor for thrush, super infections
Monitor s/sx liver damage, monitor CBC

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14
Q

anthracyclines contraindications and interactions

A

Avoid barbituates (dec effect of drug)
Avoid drugs that prolong QT (inc risk of cardiac effects)
pregnancy/lactation

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15
Q

monoclonal antibodies prototype

A

Trastuzumab

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16
Q

monoclonal antibodies therapeutic use

A

breast cancer (growth factor HER2+)

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17
Q

monoclonal antibodies administration

A

IV

18
Q

monoclonal antibodies EPA

A

binds to HER2 killing cells and reducing metastasis

19
Q

monoclonal antibodies ADRs

A

allergic reaction, flu symptoms, cardiac dysfunction/toxicity (dysrhythmias, edema, cough, nocturia, etc)

20
Q

monoclonal antibodies RN intervention and client education

A

Report rash, itchiness, SOB, (allergic reaction) and flu like symptoms
Report edema, ongoing SOB, insomnia, nocturia (heart failure)

21
Q

monoclonal antibodies contraindications and interactions

A

Anthracyclines (doxorubicin) - cardiac toxicity risk
pregnancy/lactation (wait 6 months)
Radiation therapy

22
Q

vinca alkaloid prototype

A

vincristine

23
Q

vinca alkaloids therapeutic use

A

acute leukemias, lymphomas, Wilms tumor, neuroblastoma in children, breast, lung

24
Q

vinca alkaloids administration

A

IV

25
Q

vinca alkaloids EPA

A

dervived from periwinkle plant, vinca rosea in latin; M phase specific where mitosis occurs = kills cancer cells by disrupting cell division

26
Q

vinca alkaloids ADRs

A

alopecia, neuropathy, constipation/colon impaction that may cause intestinal ileus in children

27
Q

vinca alkaloids RN intervention and client education

A

Monitor strength and feeling in hands & feet, monitor peripheral IV sites
Assess bowel sounds, bowel regimen, high fiber diet, fluids

28
Q

vinca alkaloids contraindications and interactions

A

pregnancy/lactation
Charcot-marie-tooth syndrome (genetic neruro disease causes peripheral nerve damage)

29
Q

antimetabolites prototype

A

mercaptopurine (6-MP)

30
Q

antimetabolites therapeutic use

A

acute childhood leukemia, lymphomas - also treats autoimmune diseases

31
Q

antimetabolites administration

A

PO

32
Q

antimetabolites EPA

A

purines are necessary for synthesis of neucleic acid that makes up our DNA, purine analogs convert to an active form and block the creation of pruine in the S phase of the cell cycle = cell cant divide

33
Q

antimetabolites ADRs

A

GI symptoms, bone marror suppression, liver toxicity (usually mild)

34
Q

antimetabolites RN intervention and client education

A

May need to decrease dose if GI symptoms occur, antiemetics
Monitor CBC, liver enzymes

35
Q

antimetabolites contraindications

A

pregnancy/lactation
Presence of active infection

36
Q

NNRTIs prototype

A

Delavirdine

37
Q

NNRTIs therapeutic use

A

treatment of HIV 1

38
Q

NNRTIs administration

A

PO

39
Q

NNRTIs EPA

A

drug absobed into HIV DNA chains reverse transcriptase (what HIV uses to insert RNA of the virus into host cells DNA) = HIV cannot replicate

40
Q

NNRTIs ADRs

A

rash (common), severe rash (SJS), GI symptoms, elevated liver enzymes

41
Q

NNRTIs RN intervention and client education

A

Report rash
Occurs 1-3 weeks after starting, if it occurs with other symptoms like fever, blisters, lesions, muscle pain the d/c
Monitor weight and persistent GI effects
Monitor LFTs

42
Q

NNRTIs contraindications and interactions

A

Many drugs! Tell client to check before starting new regimen

Pharm (13 decks)

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