Immune System Ch.6

Question 1

Antigen

Answer 1

A specific marker on each pathogen that only type of killer T cell can recognize.

Question 2

Antibody

Answer 2

a protein structure that fits onto the molecules from a certain pathogen.

Question 3

Autoimmune disease

Answer 3

a condition in which the immune system targets a person’s cells, tissues, or organs by mistake. Examples: Multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and type 1 diabetes.

Question 4

Non infectious disease

Answer 4

Disease NOT caused by disease0causing organisms. Example: genetic diseases, such as Down syndrome, hemophilia, lifestyle related diseases such as skin cancer and heart disease.

Question 5

Infectious diseases

Answer 5

It is caused by PATHOGENS that get into the body and cause problems.

Question 6

Communicable diseases

Answer 6

Some infectious diseases that can spread from person to person. Colds, flu, chicken pos, and STDs.

Question 7

Viruses

Answer 7

pieces of genetic material coated with protein. Viruses are neither dead nor alive. To reproduce, they need a living host cell.
Example: common cold, hepatitis, flu

Question 8

Protists

Answer 8

Protists are the most diverse group of living organisms. They are typically unicellular (one cell) organisms that live in soil, oceans, lakes or streams.
Example: malaria & amoebic dysentery

Question 9

Fungi

Answer 9

Organisms that include molds, yeasts, and mushrooms. They get their energy from living and once living things.
Example: athlete’s foot & ringworm

Question 10

Direct contact

Answer 10

it occurs when a pathogen from one person is carried directly to another person.

Question 11

Indirect contact

Answer 11

Pathogens move from an infected person to some object, perhaps a doorknob, and then to the next person who touches that object. Also by needle sharing by drug users.

Question 12

Pasteurization

Answer 12

The process of heating a substance to destroy or slow the growth of microorganisms in it.

Question 13

Antibiotics

Answer 13

A chemical that kills bacteria or prevents them from reproducing. They work only on bacteria, not viruses.

Question 14

AIDS

Answer 14

Caused by HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). It’s a sexually transmitted diseases in which the immunize system can no longer protect the body against invasion by pathogens or opportunistic infections.

Question 15

Opportunistic infections

Answer 15

Caused by microorganisms commonly preset in or on the human body or found in the environment.

Question 16

Retrovirus

Answer 16

A type of virus where the genetic materials of the virus is transmitted from its RNA to the host cell’s DNA, which is a reverse flow of genetic information.

Question 17

Inflammatory response

Answer 17

The second line of defense against a pathogen, where a damaged cell releases a chemical causing the area under attack to swell and increase blood flow.

Question 18

Vectors

Answer 18

Animals that carry disease-causing pathogens and spread them to humans.
Example: mosquitos, ticks

Question 19

Mosquito control

Answer 19

1. Indoor residual spraying
2. Long-lasting insecticidal nets
3. Larval source management
4. Habitat control
5. Biological control

Question 20

Examples of pandemics

Answer 20

1. Bubonic plague (Black Death) in Europe wiped out nearly 60 % of the population in the fourteenth century.
2. Flue pandemic know has Spanish flu killed 30-50 millions people worldwide.