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Science 8 > Immune System > Flashcards

Immune System Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is the size of a virus?

A

20-250 nm long

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2
Q

A virus is made up of how many parts?

A

Three

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3
Q

Do viruses need to be inside or outside a living cell to grow?

A

Inside

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4
Q

Are bacteria able to live on their own?

A

Yes

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5
Q

If a virus is outside a cell it is ________.

A

Dormant

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6
Q

What is the size of a bacteria?

A

About 1000 nm long

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7
Q

What is the name given to the “flag” which helps the immune system identify unknown particles?

A

Antigen

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8
Q

What are the three parts that make up viruses?

A

Genes,
A protein coat that protects genes,
And the lipid envelope that surrounds the virus

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9
Q

True or false: viruses can reproduce inside a living cell

A

True

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10
Q

Bacteria are _______ celled organisms

A

one

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11
Q

Are bacteria usually bigger than viruses?

A

Yes

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12
Q

Disease causing agents can be found in/on what 3 things

A

Air, food, and water

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13
Q

An example of a pathogenic bacteria is

A

Streptococci

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14
Q

Any disease causing agent is called a what?

A

Pathogen

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15
Q

How quick can bacteria reproduce?

A

Once every 20 minutes

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16
Q

________ are poisonous substances released by some bacteria

A

Toxins

17
Q

Salmonella bacteria attacks cells in the what?

A

Digestive system

18
Q

Streptococci bacteria attack cells in the ________

A

Throat

19
Q

What are viruses not made of

A

Cells

20
Q

Measles viruses attack what cells

A

skin cells

21
Q

Can viruses reproduce on their own?

A

No

22
Q

Influenza viruses attack what cells?

A

The throat or respiratory cells

23
Q

What structures are found in blood which are part of your body’s immune system?

A

White blood cells

24
Q

What’s another name for ‘phagocyte’?

A

macrophage

25
Q

what is lymph?

A

A clear liquid which circulates throughout the lymphatic system

26
Q

Dead pathogens are collected in structures called ________.

A

lymph nodes

27
Q

Every cell and every pathogen have marks on them called what

A

Antigens

28
Q

Y-shaped molecules produced by B cells are called what

A

Antibodies

29
Q

Antibodies fit together with molecules called _______.

A

Antigens

30
Q

How can you become immune to a disease?

A

By getting a vaccination

31
Q

What does a vaccine contain?

A

Weakened or dead forms of a pathogen

32
Q

what are the 5 steps an immune system takes to fight off pathogens?

A
  1. identify the invaders
  2. call for help
  3. tag the invaders
  4. destroy the invaders
  5. remember the invaders
33
Q

what are the 4 types of pathogen categories?

A

virus, bacteria, fungi, and parasites

34
Q

what can a virus give you? what are the symptoms?

A

the flu

aches, chills, sneezing, and coughing

35
Q

what can bacteria give you? what are the symptoms?

A

strep throat

red, swollen, sore throat

36
Q

what can parasites give you? what are the symptoms?

A

giardia

diarrhea

37
Q

what can fungi give you? what are the symptoms?

A

athletes foot

itchy skin

38
Q

Tuberculosis bacteria attack cells in the what

A

Lungs

39
Q

What is the first line of defence against pathogens?

A

Our skin

Science 8 (2 decks)

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