Immune system Flashcards
what is the immune system “mantra”?
kill the pathogen, don’t harm the host
is the innate immune system specific or non-specific?
non-specific
is the adaptive immune system specific or non-specific?
specific “cognant antigen”
monocytes give rise to…
macrophages and dendritic cells
inflammation is an ________ immune cell response
innate
Which cells act as a liaison between innate and adaptive immune systems?
dendritic cells
what functions allow B cells to act like antibodies?
neutralization, opsonization and compliment activation
all 3 functions of B cells lead to…
ingestion by a phagocyte
What are the 3 specific types of T cells?
T helper, T killer and regulatory T
what is the most important biological consequence of adaptive immunity?
immunological memory
what causes swelling and other physiological changes known as inflammation?
substances (cytokines) like tumor necrosis factor recruit fluid, cells and molecules to the site of infection
antibodies (B cell receptors) and T cell receptors are looking for what to bind to?
cognante antigen
What cells present antigens to T cells?
dendritic cells, macrophages, B cells and neutrophils
What is required for T cells to become activated?
antigens
what are hormone like messengers produced by T helper cells, that communicate with other cells and affect the immune response?
cytokines
what is an example of a cytokine?
interleukins (IL-1, IL-2…) and tumor necrosis factor
which interleukin causes a hypothalamic fever response?
IL-1
what is responsible for tissue rejection in organ transplantation?
Major histocompatibility proteins
what is the function of major histocompatibility proteins?
function as billboards to display chopped up peptides
Where are Class I MHC found?
virtually all cells of the body
Where are Class II MHC found?
only on antigen presenting cells
Which class of MHC displays what cells are producing inside?
Class I
Which class of MHC displays what has been killed at battle site (external)?
Class II
Class I are scanned by which cells to help kill virus infected cells?
Killer T cells
Class II inform which cell about the battle?
T helper cells
50-70% of circulating WBCs are?
Neutrophils
Myeloid lineage consists of?
granulocytes and myeloid antigen-presenting cells
name the granulocytes found within the myeloid lineage
neutrophils, basophils, mast cells, eosinophils
name the myeloid antigen presenting cells within the myeloid lineage
monocytes (macrophages and dendritic cells)
