immune system Flashcards
What is the primary function of the immune system?
To protect the body against infections and diseases.
True or False: The immune system is only composed of white blood cells.
False
Fill in the blank: The two main types of immune responses are _______ and _______.
innate, adaptive
What type of cells are primarily responsible for the adaptive immune response?
Lymphocytes
Which type of lymphocyte is responsible for producing antibodies?
B cells
What are the two main components of the innate immune system?
Physical barriers and immune cells
True or False: Antibodies are produced by T cells.
False
What is the role of T helper cells in the immune response?
To assist other immune cells in the response.
Which organ is primarily responsible for the maturation of T cells?
Thymus
What is the function of phagocytes in the immune system?
To engulf and digest pathogens.
Fill in the blank: The _______ is a fluid that contains white blood cells and is part of the lymphatic system.
lymph
What is the difference between active and passive immunity?
Active immunity results from exposure to a pathogen, while passive immunity is acquired from another source.
True or False: Vaccines provide passive immunity.
False
What is an antigen?
A substance that triggers an immune response.
What type of immune response is characterized by a rapid reaction to previously encountered pathogens?
Secondary immune response
What are cytokines?
Signaling proteins that mediate and regulate immunity and inflammation.
Fill in the blank: _______ cells are involved in the direct killing of infected or cancerous cells.
Cytotoxic T
What is the primary role of the spleen in the immune system?
To filter blood and help mount immune responses.
True or False: The skin is considered part of the innate immune system.
True
What is the role of memory cells in the immune system?
To provide long-term immunity by remembering past infections.
What does HIV primarily target in the immune system?
CD4+ T cells
Fill in the blank: The _______ response is the body’s first line of defense against pathogens.
innate
What is the term for the process by which immune cells recognize and destroy infected cells?
Cell-mediated immunity
What is an autoimmune disease?
A condition where the immune system attacks the body’s own cells.
True or False: All vaccines contain live pathogens.
False
What is the difference between humoral and cell-mediated immunity?
Humoral immunity involves antibodies, while cell-mediated immunity involves T cells.
