Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science Bowl > Immune System > Flashcards

Immune System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How do pathogens enter our body?

A

air, water, food, wounds/cuts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are antigens

A

any substance, like a macromolecule, that initiates a response from the immune system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What’s another name for WBC (White Blood Cells)

A

Leukocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where do WBCs (White Blood Cells) originate from?

A

Bone Marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the name of blood stem cells?

A

Hematopoietic stem cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where are leukocytes found?

A

Found circulating in blood plasma, lymph system, tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Leukocytes can move_______ the flow of blood/lymph

A

against

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What process allows Leukocytes to move against the flow of blood/lymph?

A

Diapedesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is diapedesis?

A

movement/squeezing of leukocytes through the tiny slits/crevices found through endothelial cells of the capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 3 types of Leukocytes?

A
  1. Granulocytes 2. Agranulocytes
  2. Megakaryocytes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Characteristics of granulocytes

A

Cytoplasms with granules and lobe-shaped nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

3 types of granulocytes

A

neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the role of a neutrophil?

A

Destroying pathogens/are phagocytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the role of an Eosinophil?

A

dealing/killing parasites & involved with allergic reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What anti-clotting agent do Basophil’s contain?

A

Heparin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What chemical does a Basophil have inside its granules?

A

Histamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What do histamines do?

A

Initiate inflammation

17
Q

Type of Megakaryocytes

A

Platelets

18
Q

What is another name for platelets?

A

Thrombocytes

19
Q

Characteristics of platelets

A

Cytoplasm, no nucleus

20
Q

If a cut develops, what do platelets do?

A

Platelets bind to the cut, aggregate and form a temporary patch. They call other cells to come.

20
Q

Characteristics of Agranulocytes

A

no granules, spherical/kidney shaped nuclei

20
Q

2 types of Agranulocytes

A

Monocytes & Lymphocytes

21
Q

What do monocytes differentiate to?

A

Macrophages

22
Q

What are the 2 types of cells that Lymphocytes differentiate into?

A

T-Lymphocytes & B Lymphocytes

23
Q

Largest Phagocytic Cells

A

Macrophages

24
Q

Type of Agranulocyte that makes up the specific/acquired immune system

A

Lymphocytes

25
Q

What do macrophages do?

A

seek out harmful agents and engulf them

26
Q

What is the process of engulfing called?

A

Phagocytosis

27
Q

What do B cells do?

A

Create antibodies

28
Q

What cells do B cells differentiate into?

A

Plasma & Memory Cells

29
Q

What type of B cell creates antibodies?

A

Plasma B cells

30
Q

What type of B cell protect us from reinfection?

A

Memory B cells

31
Q

What are the 4 types of cells that T cells differentiate into?

A

Helper, Killer, Suppressor, Memory T cells

32
Q

What do helper T cells do?

A

Release chemicals that help other cells mature

33
Q

What do killer T cells do?

A

Uses membrane proteins to bind to pathogens and release chemicals into them

34
Q

What cell functions like memory B cells

A

Memory T cells

35
Q

What is the function of suppressor T cells

A

suppressing and regulating the immune system

36
Q

What are the 2 types of immunity/immune systems?

A

Innate (non-specific) and acquired (specific)

37
Q

What type of immune system is the primary line of defense?

A

Innate/non-specifc immune system

38
Q

What are the 2 differences between non-specific (innate) and specific (acquired) immune systems?

A

Innate:
- no process of learning
- does not depend on the presence of specific antigens

Acquired:
- process of learning
- does depend on the presence of specific antigens

39
Q

Physical Barriers of the Innate Immune System

A

Skin (secrete fatty acids), Eyes (tears), Mouth (saliva), Air passageways (mucous & cilia), Stomach (HCl)

Science Bowl (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions