Immune System Flashcards
What is the adaptive immune defense
Innate immunity fails,
Depends on t and B lymphocytes to act,
They have specific antigen receptors which help distinguish our cells to foreign invaders. Which helps kill pathogens, bacteria, parasites, etc.
What does interferons do?
Interferons act as distress signals and bind to non infected cells to inject substance that interfere with viruses viral replication
Where’ are the Lymphatic ducts
Thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct
What is the function of the Lymphatic system?
To carry excess fluids throughout the bloodstream and the production of lymphocytes, and provide defense against pathogens
where does the lymphatic ducts empty fluid into?
The right and left sub clavian veins
How does lymph move?
Lymph moves by utilizing skeletal muscle contractions.
What are the primary lymphatic organs?
1.)Red bone marrow,
2.) the thymus
What are the secondary lymphatic organs
Lymph nodes,
Spleen,
Tonsils,
And adenoid tissue.
What does Red bone marrow produce
B Lymphocytes
Where does T lymphocytes mature?
Thymus
Where does T lymphocytes mature?
Thymus
What is Thymosin where it produce and it’s function?
Thymosin is a hormone that induces maturation of T-lymphocytes and resides in the thymus.
What is the spleen function and location?
The spleen is located upper region of the abdominal cavity and it’s function is to filter blood.
What is red pulp functionality?
Macrophages to remove,
Pathogens, debris, and worn out blood cells in the blood.
White pulp function?
To contain b and t lymphocytes.
What is contained in lymph nodes?
Macrophages and lymphocytes
Lymph node function B
Filters lymph throughout body
What’s the purpose of immunity?
To kill or remove foreign invaders in the body
What are the branches and names of our immune system?
There’s 2 branches and the names are innate and adaptive.
What is innate immunity?
Innate use chemical and physical barriers to protect.
What is the physical barrier in innate system?
Our skin, it’s tough and protects us. But exfoliation help keep microbes away.
What does the mucous membranes do?
The membrane cilia sweeps pathogens trapped within mucus
What is the chemical barriers
Our sebaceous glands secrete acid that weakens and kills bacteria
What does acid in the stomach do?
The chemicals in the stomach is acidic and kills bacteria.
What is the function of inflammatory response?
To send neutrophils and macrophages to engulf pathogens
What are the symptoms of inflammatory response?
Redness, swelling , heat, and pain!
What does Wbc(white blood cells do) in the inflammatory response?
Release neutrophils,
Keep infections localized,
What are protective proteins and function?
They are proteins designated with letters and help amplify the inflammatory response..
Some bind to mast cells and trigger histamines,
Others form the Membrane attack complex
How many adaptive immunity pathways and what are they
2 pathways
Cell meditated immunity -t cells
Antibody(humoral) -b cells
Antibody mediated immunity
Antigen binds on BCR on one specific cell, B cell produce clones of identical B cells for that specific antigen
Many B cells become plasma producing large numbers of antibodies l,
Other B cells become memory cells that remember antigen.
What is an antibody structure
Y shaped Monomers some with diners, with constant and variable regions.
Where antigens binds. Match and fit like a lock and key
Function of antibodies?
Neutralization and immune complex
What are the classes of antibodies
igA
igD
IgE
IgG
Igm
