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immune system > immune system > Flashcards

immune system Flashcards

1
Q

Passive immunity

A

skin, the lining of the lungs, mouth, and stomach

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2
Q

active immunity

A

cellular defense mechanism

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3
Q

what are the two types of white blood cells?

A

phagocytes and lymphocytes

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4
Q

spleen

A

filters and stores blood, also produces white blood cells

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5
Q

thymus

A

responsible for maturation of T cells

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6
Q

tonsils

A

small organ filled with lymphocytes located around the throat

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7
Q

bone marrow

A

responsible for the storage of fats and creation of blood cells

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8
Q

Peyer’s patches

A

located throughout the small intestine, contains lymphocytes and absorbs fats

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9
Q

mucous membranes

A

tissues that retain large numbers of lymphocytes

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10
Q

what are the functions of the lymphatic system?

A

maintain fluid balance in the body, absorb cellular waster and digestive fats, assist with the immune system

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11
Q

the lymphatic system deposit lymph into

A

collecting ducts that return the fluid to the circulatory system

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12
Q

colorless fluid seeped from the blood plasma and into the tissues

A

lymph

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13
Q

how does lymph serve as a immune function?

A

circulating white blood cells and collecting damaged cells, cancer cells, and foreign invaders.

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14
Q

white blood cells are referred as

A

lymphocytes

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15
Q

lymph nodes

A

bean shaped glands placed around the body that filter the circulating lymph

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16
Q

how many lymph nodes are in the body?

A

around 600

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17
Q

site of antibody creation to prime the rest of the body to fight infections

A

lymph nodes

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18
Q

lymphatic vessels

A

thin walled and low pressure vessels that circulate and filter lymph before returning the fluid to the venous system

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19
Q

lymphatic vessels are —— than capillaries and majority are ——– than veins

A

larger, smaller

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20
Q

lymphatic vessels move fluid towards

A

the larger left and right lymphatic collecting ducts

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21
Q

what point does the lymph return to the circulation?

A

collecting ducts

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22
Q

two collecting ducts which are called

A

right lymphatic duct and the thoracic duct

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23
Q

lymphatic duct that drains lymph from the head, neck, right arm, and right thorax

A

right collecting duct

24
Q

duct that drains lymph from the lower half of the body and the rest of the thorax

A

thoracic duct

25
Q

lymphedema is

A

edema caused by a dysfunction of the lymphatic system

26
Q

what is the lymphatic six primary organs?

A

spleen, thymus, tonsils, bone marrow, peyer’s patch, mucous membranes

27
Q

largest of the lymphatic system responsible for filtering and storing blood and producing white blood cells

A

spleen

28
Q

location of spleen

A

upper left abdomen above the stomach

29
Q

why is it possible to rupture a spleen and risks?

A

it is a spongey organ that is always filled with blood, will result in massive bleeding requiring surgery

30
Q

function of the spleen

A

breaks down old red blood cells and platelets from the circulation, and stores platelets.

31
Q

possible reasoning the body is not able to clot because of the spleen?

A

it is storing too many platelets

32
Q

a gland like organ that turns into fatty tissue as someone ages

A

thymus

33
Q

a more general subdivision of the immune system, consisting of pre existing barriers, mucous membranes, and non specific immune cells

A

innate immune system

34
Q

the t cells roll in innate immunity

A

identify and kill cells infected with a virus or cancerous

35
Q

t cells roll in active immunity

A

creating memory cells and using chemical signaling to call other adaptive immune cells

36
Q

spongy tissue found in some bones responsible for storing fats and creating blood cells

A

bone marrow

37
Q

most red bone marrow in adults is located where in the body ?

A

flat bones

38
Q

red bone marrow

A

creates all red blood cells, and platelets, as well as most lymphocytes in the body

39
Q

when under great stress the body will convert —— marrow to —— marrow

A

yellow, red

40
Q

lymphatic tissues contain cells that trap and destroy bacteria that enter the intestines

A

peyer’s patches

41
Q

similar to lymph nodes in that they store white blood cells

A

peyer’s patches

42
Q

lacteals absorb facts from the digestive system and form a substance called

A

chyle

43
Q

what cells are located near patches of lymphatic tissues of the intestines

A

M cells

44
Q

part of the lymphatoc system that is found throughout the body including digestive, respiratory, and vaginal tracts that aid in combating pathogens

A

mucous membranes

45
Q

function of the lymphatic system

A

fluid balance, absorption, immune system

46
Q

the plasma returns about —– percent to the venous circulatory while the remaining ——– is collected by the lymphatic system

A

90% , 10%

47
Q

small protrusions of the small intestines that takes in fats and some vitamins from the small intestines is called

A

lacteals

48
Q

lymphadenitis

A

swelling of the lymph nodes

49
Q

lymphoma

A

cancer in the lymph nodes caused by lymphocytes growing and multiplying uncontrollably

50
Q

swelling of one or more extremities due to blockage of the lymph nodes or vessels caused by cancer or cancer treatments

A

lymphedema

51
Q

this part of your lymphatic system picks up fluid that leak out of your capillary bed and then returns them to your bloodstream

A

lymphatic vessels

52
Q

this structure filters your blood to remove bacteria, viruses, and other foreign materials

A

spleen

53
Q

the fluid found within a lymphatic vessel in your arm and leg is called

A

lymph

54
Q

if a bacterium was captured from your tissues and taken up by your lymphatic system, what would be the correct sequence of structures it would encounter as it traveled through your lymphatic system?

A

lymphatic capilliary, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes

55
Q

lacteals carry chyle from the intestine to the ——- duct

A

thoracic

56
Q

the thoracic duct joins the circulatory system through which of the following structures?

A

the left subclavian vein

immune system (1 decks)

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