Immune

Question 1

BCG
MMR
Influenza (intranasal)
Oral rotavirus
Oral polio
Yellow fever
Oral typhoid*

Answer 1

Live Attenuated Vaccines

Question 2

Rabies

Influenza (IM)

Answer 2

Inactivated vaccines

Question 3

Tetanus

Answer 3

Detoxified endotoxins

Question 4

Diphtheria
Pertussis
Hep B (HBsAg)
Meningococcus/pneumococcus
Hib

Answer 4

Fragment Vaccines

Question 5

PAS-positive granules in MØ on jejunal biopsy
(Periodic acid shift)

Features:
Malabsorption
Large joint arthralgia
Lymphadenopathy
Neuro: myoclonus, ataxia, seizures, ophthalmoplegia, dementia
Derm: hyper pigmentation and photosensitivity

Answer 5

Whipple’s disease:
Infection with Tropheryma whippelli

More common in middle-aged men
HLA-B27 assoc.

Oral co-trimoxazole for 12/12.
Sometimes proceeded by IV penicillin

Question 6

Hyper acute rejection (minutes to hours)

Answer 6

Type II Hypersensitivity
Due to pre-exist donor antibodies
Rare due to HLA matching

Question 7

Acute rejection (

Answer 7

Cell mediated (Tc cells)
Usually due to HLA mismatch; can be caused by CMV
May be reversed by steroids/immunosuppressants

Question 8

Chronic rejection (>6 months)

Answer 8

Antibody and cell mediated fibrosis of the graft
Gradual loss of graft function

?Inevitable end stage

Question 9

Incubation period of:

meningococcus
diphtheria
influenza
scarlet fever

Answer 9

Less than 1 week

Question 10

Incubation period of:

malaria
dengue fever
typhoid
measles

Answer 10

1-2 weeks

Question 11

Incubation period of:

mumps
rubella
chickenpox

Answer 11

2-3 weeks

Question 12

Incubation period of:

infectious mononucleosis
CMV
viral hepatitis
HIV

Answer 12

Longer than 3 weeks