IMMS anatomy Flashcards
Rostral
Anterior in the brain, superior in the spinal cord.
Anterior in the brain, superior in the spinal cord.
Rostral
Caudal
Posterior in the brain, inferior in the spinal cord
Anterior in the brain, superior in the spinal cord.
Caudal
How is the nervous system divided anatomically?
CNS (brain and spinal cord) and PNS (all nervous tissue outside CNS e.g. cranial, spinal, autonomic)
How is he nervous system divided functionally?
Somatic nervous system controls voluntary activities
Autonomic nervous system controls involuntary activities
Why is the surface of the cerebral cortex grey?
It contains neuron cell bodies, a collection of cell bodies within the CNS is called a nucleus)
What are the folds in the cerebral cortex called?
Gyri (gyrus sing)
What are the grooves between gyri called?
Sulci (sulcus sing)
Gyri
folds in the cerebral cortex
Sulci
Grooves between
What is white matter in the brain?
Axons deep in the cerebral cortex where information is transmitted through bundles of fibres.
What are the four lobes of the cerebral hemisphere?
frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal
Describe the positions of the 4 lobes in the cerebral cortex
Frontal lobs lies anteriorly, occipital lobe lies posteriorly, parietal and temporal lobes lie between them
Describe the position of the cerebellum
Inferior to the posterior part of the brain
What is the brainstem composed of?
Midbrain, pons, medulla
How long is the spinal cord?
Continuous with the medulla, ends around the first and second lumbar vertebrae
What are ventricles in the brain?
Cavities in the brain that are continuous with each other and filled with cerebrospinal fluid
What does cerebrospinal fluid do?
Provides nutrients for and protects the brain
What are the meninges?
dura mater - thick and strong (top)
arachnoid mater - loose and thin
pia mater - to thin to see with eyes (deepest)
They protect the brain and provide a scaffold for blood vessels
What pairs of arteries supply the brain?
internal carotid and vertebral arteries
What is the Circle of Willis?
On the inferior surface of the cerebrum, the internal and vertebral arteries branch out and connect in a ring (anastomosis)
Difference between deep veins and superficial veins
Superficial veins are on the surface of the brain
What is the somatic nervous system made up of?
The motor component - voluntary contraction of skeletal muscle
The sensory component - carries info from peripheral sensory receptors which reaches our conscious perception
What are the components of the autonomic nervous system?
Motor component - sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system
Sensory component - conveys sensory information from internal environment to the CNS, not conscious
