IMMS anatomy

Question 1

Rostral

Answer 1

Anterior in the brain, superior in the spinal cord.

Question 2

Anterior in the brain, superior in the spinal cord.

Answer 2

Rostral

Question 3

Caudal

Answer 3

Posterior in the brain, inferior in the spinal cord

Question 4

Anterior in the brain, superior in the spinal cord.

Answer 4

Caudal

Question 5

How is the nervous system divided anatomically?

Answer 5

CNS (brain and spinal cord) and PNS (all nervous tissue outside CNS e.g. cranial, spinal, autonomic)

Question 6

How is he nervous system divided functionally?

Answer 6

Somatic nervous system controls voluntary activities
Autonomic nervous system controls involuntary activities

Question 7

Why is the surface of the cerebral cortex grey?

Answer 7

It contains neuron cell bodies, a collection of cell bodies within the CNS is called a nucleus)

Question 8

What are the folds in the cerebral cortex called?

Answer 8

Gyri (gyrus sing)

Question 9

What are the grooves between gyri called?

Answer 9

Sulci (sulcus sing)

Question 10

Gyri

Answer 10

folds in the cerebral cortex

Question 11

Sulci

Answer 11

Grooves between

Question 12

What is white matter in the brain?

Answer 12

Axons deep in the cerebral cortex where information is transmitted through bundles of fibres.

Question 13

What are the four lobes of the cerebral hemisphere?

Answer 13

frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal

Question 14

Describe the positions of the 4 lobes in the cerebral cortex

Answer 14

Frontal lobs lies anteriorly, occipital lobe lies posteriorly, parietal and temporal lobes lie between them

Question 15

Describe the position of the cerebellum

Answer 15

Inferior to the posterior part of the brain

Question 16

What is the brainstem composed of?

Answer 16

Midbrain, pons, medulla

Question 17

How long is the spinal cord?

Answer 17

Continuous with the medulla, ends around the first and second lumbar vertebrae

Question 18

What are ventricles in the brain?

Answer 18

Cavities in the brain that are continuous with each other and filled with cerebrospinal fluid

Question 19

What does cerebrospinal fluid do?

Answer 19

Provides nutrients for and protects the brain

Question 20

What are the meninges?

Answer 20

dura mater - thick and strong (top)
arachnoid mater - loose and thin
pia mater - to thin to see with eyes (deepest)
They protect the brain and provide a scaffold for blood vessels

Question 21

What pairs of arteries supply the brain?

Answer 21

internal carotid and vertebral arteries

Question 22

What is the Circle of Willis?

Answer 22

On the inferior surface of the cerebrum, the internal and vertebral arteries branch out and connect in a ring (anastomosis)

Question 23

Difference between deep veins and superficial veins

Answer 23

Superficial veins are on the surface of the brain

Question 24

What is the somatic nervous system made up of?

Answer 24

The motor component - voluntary contraction of skeletal muscle
The sensory component - carries info from peripheral sensory receptors which reaches our conscious perception

Question 25

What are the components of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 25

Motor component - sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system
Sensory component - conveys sensory information from internal environment to the CNS, not conscious