Imms Flashcards
What is the RER responsible for?
Packaging proteins
Function of SER?
- processes synthesised proteins
- site of membranes lipid synthesis
- stores and releases Ca2+
What is he function of the Golgi?
Processes macromolecules synthesised in ER
•modifies by adding sugars
•sorting of macromolecules
What is the function of vesicles?
- transport materials
- store materials
- exchange cell membrane between compartments
What are the functions of membranes?
- Regulate the passage of substances into and out of the cell - SELECTIVE BARRIER
- Regulate passage of substances between organelles in the cytosol
- Detect chemical messengers arriving at the cell surface
- Link adjacent cells together by membrane junctions
- Anchor cells to extra cellular matrix
What is the fluid mosaic model?
It describes a mix of membrane proteins that are free to move in a sea of lipid.
What does a membrane consist of?
- lipid - phospholipids
- protein
- carbohydrate
- cholesterol
What are the 4 main categories of proteins?
- transporters
- anchors
- receptors
- enzymes
What is homeostasis?
The maintenance of a constant internal environment despite external changes.
What 4 categories can lipids be divided into?
- fatty acids
- triglycerides
- phospholipids
- steroids
What are van der waals forces?
These are very weak and transient electrical interactions between the electrons in the outer shells of 2 atoms that are in close proximity to each other
What are hydrogen bonds?
When 2 polar molecules are in close contact, an electrical attraction may form between them.
What are the functions of DNA?
- template and regulator for transcription and protein synthesis
- genetic material - structural basis of hereditary and genetic diseases
Structural differences of DNA and RNA?
DNA RNA
• double stranded • single
• deoxyribose sugar • ribose
• thymine base • uracil
What is mitosis for?
- To produce genetically identical daughter cells
- For growth
- To replace dead cells
