immobility

Question 1

QSEN competencies

Answer 1

patient centered care, teamwork & collaboration, EBP, quality improvement, safety, informatics

Question 2

structures

Answer 2

bones, muscles, ligaments, tendons, joints

Question 3

functions

Answer 3

alignment, posture, balance, gait, coordination, ROM

Question 4

motion

Answer 4

abduction, adduction, rotation, flexion, extension, supination, pronation, inversion, eversion

Question 5

position

Answer 5

trendelenburg, prone, supine, dorsal recumbent

Question 6

factors that influence mobility: nervous system control

Answer 6

spinal cord injury: paralysis below the level of injury; paraplegia; tetraplegia

Question 7

paraplegia

Answer 7

decreased motor/sensory function to the legs

Question 8

tetraplegia

Answer 8

paralysis of arms/ legs and muscle movement below level of injury (formerly termed quadriplegia)

Question 9

assessing for mobility alterations: subjective

Answer 9

normal pattern identification related to activity, risk identification (pt on bedrest/ risks for falls); dysfunction identification (inability to tolerate activities)

Question 10

assessing for mobility alterations: objective

Answer 10

general surgery, neurological, CV, resp, GI, urinary, musculoskeletal

Question 11

CV impacts of immobility: increased cardiac workload=

Answer 11

skeletal muscles don’t help to push the blood back to the heart= makes the hear work harder tp pump -> faster HR

Question 12

CV impacts of immobility: orthostatic hypotension=

Answer 12

baroreceptors in the Brian are sluggish to respond to body position changes

Question 13

CV impacts of immobility: thrombus formation and embolism=

Answer 13

venous stasis thrombus is a clot, embolism is a moving clot; increased risk of formation when blood pools (venous stasis) in the extremities

Question 14

interventions to prevent complications of immobility for CV

Answer 14

orthostatic VS, gradual position changes, DVT prevention (early ambulation, TED/ stocking, SCD)

Question 15

respiratory impacts of immobility: decreased lung expansion expansion because

Answer 15

a decreased need for oxygen by the body

Question 16

respiratory impacts of immobility: atelectasis …

Answer 16

collapse of functional unit of the lung. where capillary exchange of O2 and CO2 happens

Question 17

respiratory impacts of immobility: retained..

Answer 17

secretions

Question 18

respiratory impacts of immobility: pulmonary..

Answer 18

embolus

Question 19

interventions to prevent complications of immobility for respiratory

Answer 19

DB & C, IS, increased fluid intake, positioning promote activity

Question 20

musculoskeletal impacts of immobility: muscle atrophy & weakness,

Answer 20

impaired endurance

Question 21

musculoskeletal impacts of immobility: contractures and

Answer 21

joint pain

Question 22

musculoskeletal impacts of immobility: dishes osteoporosis=

Answer 22

is a weakened state of bone structure. without weight bearing activity, bone breaks down faster than it rebuilds

Question 23

interventions to prevent complications of immobility for musculoskeletal

Answer 23

turning schedules & positioning aids, logrolling, care of pts with hip surgery, change positions gradually, joint mobility maintenance/ ROM exercises, early mobilization, isometric exercises dangling

Question 24

interventions to prevent complications of immobility for musculoskeletal: devices

Answer 24

foot board, high top sneakers, boots to prevent plantar flexion (foot drop), hand rolls, trochanter rolls

Question 25

neurologic impacts of immobility

Answer 25

sensory deprivation, altered sleep/ awake cycle

Question 26

interventions to prevent complications of immobility for neurologic

Answer 26

meaningful stimuli, promote natural/ normal sleeping patterns, mobilize, myleogram/ neurological checks

Question 27

psychological/ social functioning impacts of immobility

Answer 27

helplessness, body image disturbance, exaggerated emotional responses

Question 28

interventions to prevent complications of immobility for psychological/ social functioning

Answer 28

give choices, encourage even limited self care, mobilize

Question 29

integumentary impacts of immobility

Answer 29

impaired peripheral circulation

Question 30

interventions to prevent complications of immobility for integumentary

Answer 30

turn q2 fro high risk patients, use natural alignment, pillows to support, keep dry, wrinkle free linens, progressive mobility (OOB ASAP)

Question 31

GI impacts of immobility

Answer 31

decreased metabolic rate, cellular demand for O2 decreased -> leading to decreased metabolic rate, negative nitrogen balance, constipation due to decreased muscle tone in GI organs, anorexia

Question 32

GI impacts of immobility: negative nitrogen balance

Answer 32

fever, trauma, illness- cause increased metabolic rate and tissue breakdown occurs faster than can be replaced

Question 33

GI impacts of immobility: constipation due to decreased muscle in GI organs =

Answer 33

decreased peristalsis

Question 34

interventions to prevent complications of immobility for GI

Answer 34

increase fluids, offer frequent toileting, OOB for meals and elimination, progressive mobility

Question 35

urinary impacts of immobility

Answer 35

urinary stasis (urinary retention), UTI, renal calculi

Question 36

interventions to prevent complications of immobility for urinary

Answer 36

OOB for elimination, increase fluids, progressive mobility