Immigration (C5) Flashcards
Immigration
The process in which people establish homes in places that is not in their native country
What do you do in the process of becoming a citizen of Canada and what do you get?
Swear faith to the monarch, observe laws and fulfill duties; you get citizenship and the right to vote (don’t have to, you can be a PR in Canada)
What are the 3 main types of immigrants, percentages, which is the most common?
Refugee (13%), Economic (55%), Family Reunification (28%); ECONOMIC MOST COMMON
What is the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (IRPA), when was it established, and what does it do?
2002; Establishes categories and objectives of those categories,
What are the 6 main objectives of the IRPA?
- Pursue social, cultural and economic benefits for all
- Bilingual and multicultural character of Canada
- Support OLMCs in Canada (e.g. Anglophone in Quebec)
- Share benefits from immigration
- Reunite families
- Promote immigrant integration
(1, 4, 6 similar, 2,3 similar)
Demographics
Use of statistics to analyze population traits
Labour Force Growth
Growth of labour force or “how many people can work”
Emigration
Leaving country with intent of settling elsewhere
Refugee
A person forced to leave their country to escape war/persecution/disaster
Accord
A formal agreement
Push & Pull factors
Reasons that make you want to go or move away from somewhere
Law vs Policy
Law: Decides who is allowed into Canada
Policy: Sets procedure for evaluating immigrants and says how many people are approximately allowed
How many points do you need to pass the Points System Test. and what are some fields of criteria?
67/100; Education, Age, Experience, Language ability, Adaptability, etc.
To emigrate to Canada, you need the following steps:
- Submit application (Citizen and Immigration Canada)
- Pay application fee
- Medical exam (No illnesses that could hurt Canada)
- Pass a security check (criminal record)
When was the Points System created, and which type of immigrant does it apply to?
1967; Only to economic immigrants (e.g. if family reunification, no test needed)
How does health factor into qualifying as an immigrant?
- If has harmful illness (e.g. schizophrenia or TB), usually refused
- Health puts excessive need on health services (e.g. HIV/AIDS)
- NONE OF THESE APPLY TO REFUGEE/FAMILY
How have Canada’s Immigration laws changed?
- Less racism
- More admitted
- Evaluates more on skills/education
What is the Calgary Bridge Foundation?
An organization in Alberta that helps immigrants and refugees
What did Canada sign in 1951, and what did it do in 1950-1960s and 1976?
- U.N. Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees
- Offered shelter 1950-1960
- Made refugee immigration category 1976
What is the IRPA’s objectives towards the refugee category?
- Save lives and protect people under persecution
- Fulfill Canada’s international commitment to refugees
What might hinder your application/admission to Canada?
- Immigration Act 1976: No criminal/dangerous activity
- IRPA 2002: No dangerous/criminal activity
What is the percentage ratio of the languages immigrants speak?
53% English, 9% both F&E, 33% Neither, 5% French only
What is the Singh decision?
Satnam Singh was rejected of refugee status without a hearing, Supreme Court decision said that any refugee could have a hearing to decide their status
How are Aboriginal collective rights affected by immigration?
Aboriginal people have health and employment challenges as foreign workers take the jobs and Aboriginal people can only rely on hunting and government stipulation (“Third World” conditions)
What are geographic questions and how do asking them help you?
Geographic questions help you explore how people and their physical surroundings help each other; Draw conclusions to your surroundings (e.g. Immigration patterns in different cities, map/chart relations, etc.)
Which three places have the most immigrants coming in Canada?
Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver
What is the Provincial Nomination Program (PNP) and how does it work?
A program where provinces express their need for certain types of immigrants with certain skills; That category is “nominated” for selection
What percentage of Canada’s immigrants does Alberta receive and what sectors do Alberta have shortages the most?
8% (Most: Ontario, Quebec, BC); Jobs with less education e.g. carpenting, building, construction in general
What is the Canada-Quebec Accord?
- An agreement with the govt and Quebec
- Quebec can nominate percentage of immigrants that corresponds to its percentage of total immigrants in Canada
- Allows Quebec to require immigrants to go to French-speaking schools
- Quebec seeks Francophones, most Francophone immigrants go to Quebec
