IMMIGRATION Flashcards
Name the groups in the 1st wave at the end of WW2.
Former POW’s who decided to stay, Jews, Poles and other Europeans. They were fleeing persecution and came as refugees from communist schemes.
What happened in the second wave? (2 points with statistics)
- 250,000 West Indians (1955-1962) recruited to work because of the labour shortage.
- The British Nationality Act (1945): gave British citizenships to those from British colonies and gave them the right to stay as long as they wanted.
What main groups came in the third wave and what year did they immigrate?
Late 60’s early 70’s
Asians, mainly from India and Pakistan came for better work and opportunities.
Why did West Indians migrate to the UK? (2 points)
- Poor working and living conditions as well as, unemployment.
- Government recruitment drives to get people to rebuild Britain after the war e.g. TFL and the NHS.
When did the NHS start?
July 5, 1948
How and when did the majority of first wave Jamaicans get to the UK?
On the SS Empire Windrush, May 1948
What kind of experiences did the Jamaicans have?
Some had a positive experience and were welcomed.
Many faced discrimination (‘colour bar’) and prejudiced. Many boarding houses wouldn’t rent to them.
Poor quality housing.
They were usually over qualified for jobs.
Faced hostility from trade unions and white colleagues.
Many young single men could only really go drinking for leisure time > they got a reputation for crime and fighting.
Write down the key events of the summer of violence. (Where, what, when, who, why)
more needed
Where: Notting hill
When: 23rd August and late August
What happened on the 23rd: Fighting between white and black groups because the whites > reaction from MP’s calling for an end to black immigration.
Who: 400 teddy boys and other white youths launched 2 nights of attacks on black people and their property. The police didn’t get involved (or protect) until the black people fought back on the 3rd night.
When was the Indian independence partition?
1948.
What experiences did asian immigrants have?
There was a language barrier among many, especially women.
Many continued ties with their country of origin.
Experienced less abuse/discrimination because they tended to keep to themselves.
Many started their own businesses so they didn’t experience work place discrimination.
Many still remained very poor.
Why did a lot of Kenyans resent the Asians living there?
Because they were successful.
What did Kenyatta do in 1967?
He declared that all non-Kenyan Asian foreigners could only work temporarily so many used their British passports to flee to Britain.
What happened in London by 1968?
20,000 Kenyan asians arrived in Britain which lead to an increase in an anti-immigrant feeling and the government put a limit on how many could come.
What happened in Uganda in 1972?
Idi Amin expelled 60,000 Asians giving them 90 days to be gone due to long term resentment and in retaliation to Britain for refusing financial help.
What was Idi Amins second decree?
All doctors, lawyers and other professionals had to stay behind or they would be punished for treason.
