Immigration Flashcards
1
Q
Define Immigration
A
The process of a person moving from their native country to another country to obtain a better life.
2
Q
Define Multiculturalism
A
The state of a country or society having and celebrating many different cultures.
3
Q
Define Immigration Act
A
An act in 1978 that wanted immigrants to come to Canada for the following reasons;
-Skill and education
-Reunite families
-Refugees
-More citizenship
4
Q
Define Immigration and Refugee protection Act
A
An act in 2002 that established the different categories people might come to Canada for immigration
5
Q
Define Economic Class
A
People immigrating to Canada for jobs
6
Q
Define Family class
A
People coming to Canada to reunite with family members that live here
7
Q
Define Refugees
A
People that come to Canada to escape horrible conditions in their home countries
8
Q
Define Other immigrants
A
Immigrants that come to Canada for humanitarian or compassionate causes.
9
Q
Define Study permit
A
People who want to live in Canada while attending a school or university.
10
Q
Define Temporary work permit
A
People who come to Canada to have a temporary job.
11
Q
Define Visitor visa
A
People who want to visit Canada for tourism, visiting family, or small business trips.
12
Q
Define Start-up visa
A
People who want to live in Canada to start a new business
13
Q
Define Factors of Immigration
A
Certain requirements that immigrants have to meet before moving to Canada.
14
Q
Define Permanent Resident card
A
A card, like a driver’s licence that states that someone is a permanent resident of Canada planning on getting their citizenship.
15
Q
Define Citizenship test
A
The test that 18-54 year olds have to pass to receive citizenship in Canada.
16
Q
Who did Canada favour originally for immigration?
A
British and Irish
17
Q
What did Canadians promise with immigration?
A
Free land and abundant resources
18
Q
More immigrants equals
A
More diversity and more workers
19
Q
When was the Policy of Multiculturalism made?
A
1971
20
Q
What was the Policy of Multiculturalism?
A
The policy that recognized Canada was made of many different types of people with different cultures, and Canada wanted to protect these.
21
Q
When was the immigration act passed?
A
1978
22
Q
Why was the immigration act passed?
A
There was an economic boom in 60/70s and Canada needed more workers
23
Q
When was the immigration and refugee protection act passed?
A
2002
24
Q
What did the immigration and refugee protection act do?
A
Made different categories of immigrants coming to Canada.
25
Categories of immigration?
1. Economic class
2. Family class
3. Refugees
4. Other
26
Benefits of immigration?
-make Canada more educated
-Make more politically involved citizens
-generous to charity
-immigrant kids go to high education
-more home owners
27
Additional types of visas for immigration?
-Study permit
-Temporary work visa
-Visitor visa
-Start-up visa
28
Why do people immigrate?
-better jobs
-better quality of life
-reunite with family
-more rights and freedoms
-value cultural diversity
29
Where do immigrants usually move?
Big cities because they have more opportunities. But immigrant programs encourage them to move to small towns to make bigger economies
30
More benefits from immigration?
-boost economy
-cultural diversity
-population growth
-more tax money
-new ideas
-support older generations
31
Economic class requirements
-cannot have financial issues
32
Social and political requirements
-protect others
-reunite family (sometimes)
33
Health requirements
-go through medical screening
-will not be let in if;
-puts others at risk
-dangers others (mental)
-puts strain on healthcare
system
34
What do immigrants become before citizens?
Permanent residents
35
Who has to take the citizenship test?
18-54
36
Define Head tax to Chinese immigrants
A price that Chinese people had to pay to come into Canada, this was originally low, but quickly became unreasonable.
37
Define U.N. Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees
A decision made by Canada during the 1950s-60s that they would take in refugees if there were world crises going on.
38
Define Point System for Immigration
A criteria to accept immigrants into Canada, made in 1967, which you are giving different amounts of points for your education, employment, language ability, and other factors.
39
Define Economic immigrants
Immigrants coming to work in Canada, that is their only purpose.
40
Define Permanent Residency
A person that can live and work in Canada forever, but cannot vote or have certain government jobs.
41
Define Canada-Quebec Accord
A government agreement between Canada and Quebec to say that Quebec has special immigration practices.
42
What kind of immigrants did Canada want historically?
British
43
What rule did Canada make against immigrants from India?
They could not immigrate unless they came on a non-stop ship, which never existed, until 1914
44
What rule did Canada make against immigrants from China?
The Chinese people who wanted to immigrate had to pay a head tax, this started small but grew larger
45
When was the apology about the Chinese Head Tax
2006-Stephen Harper
46
When did Canada used to only accept refugees?
During world crises
47
When did Canada make refugees a group of immigrants, not just accept them by crises?
1976
48
Does everyone agree on immigration in Canada?
No, many people disagree
49
What are some opinions on immigration in Canada?
1. Only accept immigrants who have gone through the specific requirements
2. Do not support any immigration
3. Need to help everyone, accepting them into our society
50
How much is the application fee of immigration?
$1000
51
What two main things do you need to be an immigration applicant?
Proof of your heath and a clean criminal record
52
What are some disadvantages of the Point System?
-Cannot prioritize applicants
-First come first serve
-Applicants might not meet job openings
-Takes up to 12-14 months
53
What is the immigration criteria?
Education, age, work experience, language skills, arranged employment, and adaptability.
54
Do permanent residents have rights?
Everything under the charter except voting
55
Do permanent residents have to pay taxes?
Yes
56
What happens after someone gets PR?
On a path to citizenship
57
Define Immigration and Refugee Board
A board that is used to provide quicker and fair hearings to immigrants and refugees
58
Define Prosperity
Being successful or thriving
59
Define Provincial Nomination Program
A program to encourage new immigrants to move to certain provinces or territories.
60
What sections of the Charter protect immigrants?
Sections 7, 15, 10, and 12
61
What is the goal of using the charter to protect immigrants?
They can have human rights and legal rights
62
What was the significance of the Singh decision?
He was denied refugee status under the immigration act, but he appealed this by the charter
63
What was the significance of the Singh case?
1. Refugees now had the ability to a in-person case
2. The Immigration and Refugee Board was created
3. Refugees are guaranteed to have their basic needs met while waiting for their case decision
64
64
Why do most Indigenous people not agree with Immigration?
Because they feel that the government should not let anyone in because they are not being provided and treated as they should.
65
Are Indigenous people considered about Immigration?
Yes because they are partners of our country
66
How are immigration decisions made with Indigenous people?
Through treaties and agreements
67
Can the provincial nomination program make people move to certain places?
No, immigrants have to right to live anywhere in Canada they want
68
What does the provincial nomination program do?
Increases the likelihood of immigrants to move to certain provinces
69
How do immigrants decide to settle?
Based on economic conditions
70
More immigrants equals
More jobs filled and less labour shortages
71
What year was the highest for immigration?
2023
72
Under the Canada-Quebec Accord what can Quebec do?
-nominate a percentage of immigrants equal to its percentage of Canada
-seek French immigrants
-requires immigrants to send their kids to French kids
-refuse immigrants who will undermine French culture
73
Who does Quebec seek?
French-Speaker immigrants
74
Does Quebec have more English or French immigrants?
English-not French
75
What is the Canada-Quebec Accord designed to do?
To attract French-speakers
76
Explain how Immigration can be viewed as both positive and negative.
Immigration can be viewed as a positive aspect of a country because it allows countries to obtain more workers. Having more workers in a society fills labour shortages, allowing more services to run in a particular country. Having more services to use makes citizens of society pay more money for different services, businesses, and more, therefore increasing the economy of a country. Immigration can also be viewed as a positive aspect of a country because it can increase the diversity of a place. Having more people from around the world brings new cultures, religions, values, and beliefs and encourages people to broaden their worldview. This also develops the multiculturalism of society, which is a Canadian priority. This also gives refugees a safe home where they can feel loved and supported. Immigration can be viewed as a negative aspect of a country because people believe that the government should be supporting the people in the country before allowing more people to come. Some people believe that the Canadian healthcare system, education system, and more publicly funded resources are not helping everyone in Canada so they believe that Canada adding more people into our society is reducing the effectiveness of government-funded resources. Immigration can also be viewed as a negative aspect of society because it can lead to the number of homes being significantly decreased, meaning that native Canadians might not be able to purchase homes because homes will be purchased by immigrants coming into Canada.
77
Explain the Immigration and Refugee Protection Act and its goal
The Immigration and Refugee Protection Act was established in 2002 and separated all immigration into four sections in Canada. The first section is economic immigration, where people are coming to Canada for a permanent job and economic reasons. The second section is family where people are coming to Canada to reunite with their families. Third, is the refugee section where people are coming to Canada to escape from wars, dictatorships, and more horrific conditions in their countries. Finally, there is the other category that defines anyone coming to Canada for humanitarian or sympathetic reasons
78
What are the 4 Immigration Categories in Canada and describe?
1. Economic Class-Immigrants coming to Canada to obtain meaningful employment, have to come according to the point system.
2. Family Class-Immigrants coming to Canada to reunite with their families (the hope is that they get a job in Canada)
3. Refugee-Immigrants coming to Canada to escape from wars, dictatorship, or other horrible conditions in their home countries.
4. Other-Immigrants coming to Canada for humanitarian or sympathetic reasons.
79
Explain Economic Factors
-Immigrants cannot be bankrupt or have major money problems
-Growth of our labour force
-Cutting down the number of labour shortages
-Creating a younger workforce, at this time people are getting out of working age
-More taxpayers
-Bigger economy
80
Explain Social Factors
-Reuniting families, in hopes of creating future workers.
-Increasing multiculturalism
-Making better conditions of life for refugees
81
Explain Political Factors
-Protecting refugees
-Creating better standards of living for refugees
-Supporting the development of bilingualism
82
Explain Health Factors
-Above all the health of Canadians has to be protected
-Immigrants have to go through medical screening to ensure that if they have medical conditions they will not harm others, do not spread, or cause harm to our healthcare system
83
Explain in detail what the Singh decision was
The Singh decision occurred in 1885, this is when Satnam Singh came to Canada seeking refugee status from India. He was denied refugee status under the Immigration Act, but he appealed this to the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court states that this violated the recently implemented Charter of Rights and Freedoms in section 7. The results of this case were that Singh was given an in-person hearing.
84
Lasting results of the Singh decisions
The long-lasting results of the Singh decision are that refugees are now given an in-person hearing, and the Immigration and Refugee Board was created to make these decisions faster and fairer. This also started the fact that all immigrants while waiting for the results of their hearing have to to given basic necessities by the government.
85
How does immigration affect Aboriginals and their collective rights?
Immigration affects Aboriginals because they are a part of Canada and everything that happens in Canada affects them and how they can live their lives. Aboriginal people have the right to be involved in decisions about immigration because they are founding people of Canada and they are very important to keeping Canada happy.
86
What frustrations do some First Nations communities have in regard to immigration numbers?
Some First Nations communities believe that the number of immigrants should be lowered as it is impacting the rights and things they have access to as a collective group in Canada. Some of these groups feel that they are not getting rights to housing, healthcare, and other essential services, so the Canadian government agreed to slow down immigration to make sure that the needs of Aboriginal people are met.
87
Begin by thinking geographically, followed by regionally. Where do most immigrants go to? Why would they immigrate there?
Most immigrants go to large cities because they tend to have more opportunities for employment, housing, and community. Regionally, provinces like Ontario, Quebec, and British Columbia have many major towns where immigrants can find jobs under their degrees or professions easily because there are more opportunities. In these large cities, more houses are also produced because there are more people, so in larger cities it is easier to find housing in your price range. In these larger cities, there are also more opportunities because of the hundreds of thousands of people. This makes immigrants feel like they have made a home in Canada. Most immigrants go to larger cities because they have more opportunities, easier access to services, and a bigger community. Sometimes immigration companies showcase the good of living in smaller or rural towns to increase and develop the economy in those areas.
88
Explain the Provincial Nomination Program
The Provincial Nomination Program is the program that allows provinces to nominate the percentage of immigrants that come to Canada equal to the percentage that the province makes up in Canada. However, immigrants have the right to live and work anywhere in Canada that they want.
89
Explain the Canada-Quebec Accord
The Canada-Quebec Accord is a state of rules that only apply to immigration in Quebec, for Quebec to seek our French-speaking immigrants to Canada. The Canada-Quebec Accord allows Quebec to seek out French-speaking immigrants, nominate a percentage of immigrants to their province, require French immigrants to send their kids to Francophone schools, and not allow any immigrant who will undermine the French culture and beliefs.
90
How are the Provincial Nomination Program and the Canada-Quebec Accord similar?
The Provincial Nomination Program and the Canada-Quebec Accord are similar because they both are programs that nominate a certain percentage of immigrants to certain provinces. They are also similar because neither of these agreements can require immigrants to live and work in certain places, they can only recommend it.
91
How are the Provincial Nomination Program and the Canada-Quebec Accord different?
The Provincial Nomination Program and the Canada-Quebec Accord are different because the Canada-Quebec Accord can permit Quebcois to choose immigrants based on which language they speak, while in other provinces they cannot pick immigrants based on their language. They are also different because the Canada-Quebec Accord can require immigrant children to participate in Francophone schools, but in every other province they cannot specify what school immigrant children attend.
