immigration Flashcards
What problem did labor unions think immigrants were causing?
losing jobs to them ( believed this & immigrants were getting paid less)
List 5 urban problems.
-over crowded cities
-pollution ( dirty war and water )
-lack of sanitation
-increased crime
-shortage of affordable housing
Who invented the skyscraper?
Louis Sullivan
What made it possible for skyscrapers to be so tall?
being built with metal frames of strong steel instead of wood and brick
What similarities did immigrants have in those neighborhoods?
others shared their language, nationality, culture
What created a need for workers?
industrialization
True or False: Men, women, & children all made the same amount of money at their jobs.
false
Define assimilation.
immigrants tried to absorb the dominant culture of their new homeland in America
Define cultural diffusion.
the spread of culture
List 4 problems immigrants would bring to the US, according to nativists.
suspicious
fear losing jobs 2 them
too many allowed in the US
immigrants would harm the americans
who were the nativists?
us citizens who opposed immigration
Requiring immigrants to read and write was desired by what group?
nativists (immigration restriction league)
Where is Ellis Island? Where is Angel Island?
Ellis Island is in new york and Angel Island is in california
What were Ellis Island and Angel Island used as?
both were used as immigration processing centers
Approximately how many immigrants came through Ellis Island?
millions
How long was Ellis Island open?
40 years
Where did most immigrants live when they first came to America?
big cities
What is a tenement?
overcrowded , poorly built dangerous apartments
Define benevolent society.
aid organizations to help in case of sickness, unemployment and death
Define settlement house.
neighborhood centers in poor areas staffed by professionals & volunteers , that offered education, recreation, & social activities
Name a famous settlement house.
hull house
Where did most new immigrants find work?
factories, mines, mills
How many days did an immigrant typically work?
6 days a week
How many hours a day was the minimum for immigrants to work?
10 hrs a day
Define sweatshop.
small crowded factories with unhealthy, unsafe working conditions ( garment industry)
Who typically worked in a sweatshop?
women and children
Why did immigrants come to America?
tried to absorb the dominant culture
What did Jacob Riis write?
“How The Other Half Lives”
Define mass culture.
leisure and cultural activities shared by numbers of people
Give examples of mass culture.
world’s fair - featured latest technological inventions & exhibits from world cultures
amusement parks - attractions & rides coney island in nyc
Define Chinese Exclusion Act.
congress passed a law that would not allow Chinese people to immigrate into the us for 10 years
Why did farmers move to cities?
too many farmers/farms
wanted to make money
wanted opportunities
Why did African Americans move to cities?
to leave the south after the civil war
to escape discrimination
to find jobs/opportunities
Where did African Americans move from?
the south
What percent of Americans lived in cities by 1900?
40%
Define Great Migration.
to leave the south after the civil war
Where was steerage?
the lower level of the ship which was crowded, dirty, and miserable
List 5 things that describe old immigrants.
- arrived before 1880s
- from northern & western europe ( britain , germany , ireland, scandinavia)
- skilled workers
- spoke english
- protestant
List 5 things that describe new immigrants.
- arrived after 1880
- from southern & eastern europe (italy, poland, hungary, russia, slavic nations)
- did not speak english
- unskilled workers ( mostly farmers )
- catholic, jewish, orthodox
