IMM drugs

Question 1

tocilizumab

Answer 1

anti-IL-6R antibody

Question 2

MMR

Answer 2

attenuated viral

Question 3

describe 1 type of cytokine antibodies and name the drugs in these categories

Answer 3

anti-TNF-a: etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab

Question 4

Flu shot

Answer 4

Inactivated viral

Question 5

infliximab

Answer 5

anti-TNF-a antibody

Question 6

name 2 types of DNA synthesis inhibitors and describe how they work

Answer 6

purine-targeting: azathioprine
folate: methotrexate (blocks DHFR)

both mimic the structure and disrupt DNA synth (competitive inhibitors, inhibit precursor synthesis)

Don’t take while pregnant

Question 7

rituximab

Answer 7

CD20 antibody

Question 8

Lamivudine and Emtricitabine

Answer 8

NRTI
Common use with zidovudine and tenofovir
Can treat Hep B

Question 9

name non-specific COX inhibitors, clinical uses (broad), and side effects

Answer 9

aspirin, naproxen, ibuprofen, acetaminophen

analgesics, antipyretic, sometimes anti-coagulation, acetaminophen = not an anti-inflamm

aspirin used for anti-coag and Kawasaki’s

side effects: GI bleeds, renal damage, easy bleeding
aspirin can induce asthma; Reye’s syndrome in kids

Question 10

oral influenza

Answer 10

attenuated viral

Question 11

sirolimus

Answer 11

mTOR inhibitor

Question 12

anakinra

Answer 12

IL-1R antibody

Question 13

Rabies

Answer 13

Inactivated viral

Question 14

name COX 2 inhibitors, side effects

Answer 14

celecoxib, rofecoxib

CVD tox

Question 15

tofacitinib

Answer 15

JAK/STAT inhibitor; inhibits downstream phosphorylation in IL-2 and IFN-g

Question 16

name two calcineuron inhibitors and describe how they work

Answer 16

cyclosporin and tacrolimus

black calcineuron which prevents TCR signals from being amplified

Question 17

how do you recognize names of corticosteroids?

Answer 17

“sone” at end

Question 18

yellow fever

Answer 18

attenuated viral

Question 19

Zidovudine

Answer 19

NRTI 
First ARV drug
Synthetic version of thymidine
Chain elongation terminator
Only IV ARV
*Black Box*
Neutropenia, severe anemia, myopathy etc.

Question 20

Hep B

Answer 20

synthetic/recombinant

Safe, short shelf life (same problems as conjugated vaccines)

Question 21

etanercept

Answer 21

anti-TNF-a antibody

Question 22

Rotavirus

Answer 22

attenuated viral

Question 23

Polio (Sabin**)

Answer 23

Attenuated; no longer used in US

Question 24

Polio (Salk)

Answer 24

Inactivated viral

Question 25

Diphtheria and tetanus

Answer 25

toxoid (protein antigen/subunit) Very effective

Question 26

BCG

Answer 26

Attenuated bacterial

Question 27

name a mTOR inhibitor and describe how it works

Answer 27

sirolimus; blocks IL-2 signaling thus inhibiting T cells

Question 28

azathioprine

Answer 28

purine inhibitor; increases risk for AML and lung adenocarcinoma

Question 29

celecoxib

Answer 29

COX2 inhibitor

Question 30

Raltegravir

Answer 30

Integrase inhibitor Remember Tegra* Well tolerated and less side effects

Question 31

tacrolimus

Answer 31

calcineuron inhibitor

Question 32

describe 3 types of receptor antibodies and drugs that fall into these categories

Answer 32

CD20 - rituximab IL-1R - anakinra Il-6R - tocilizumab

Question 33

cyclosporin

Answer 33

calcineuron inhibitor

Question 34

Chickenpox

Answer 34

Attenuated viral

Question 35

adalimumab

Answer 35

anti-TNF-a antibody

Question 36

Haemophilus influenza b (Hib)

Answer 36

Conjugated to tetanus toxoid Very safe, short shelf-life, difficulty in production, failure to stimulate sig CTL response

Question 37

Lopinavir/Ritonavir

Answer 37

Protease Inhibitor Ritonavir used to boost levels of primary drug Beware interactions

Question 38

name a JAK/STAT inhibitor and describe how it works

Answer 38

Tofacitinib IL-2 and IFN-g downstream signaling inhibited

Question 39

Maraviroc

Answer 39

Unique mechanism that inhibits co-receptors

Question 40

methotrexate

Answer 40

messes w/ folate, DNA synthesis inhibitor

Question 41

Give 2 examples of polyvalent/combo vaccines

Answer 41

Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis Pentavalent: D, T, P, Hep B, Hib

Question 42

describe 4 classes of drugs that target cytokine synthesis

Answer 42

corticosteroids** also inhibits eicosanoids calcineuron inhibitors mTOR inhibitors JAK/STAT inhibitors

Question 43

rofecoxib

Answer 43

COX 2 inhibitor

Question 44

Abacavir

Answer 44

NRTI Risk of hypersensitivity reaction Increased risk for CV disease

Question 45

Tenofovir - TDF and TAF

Answer 45

NRTI Common in combination TAF has less renal and bone tox than TDF Can treat Hep B

Question 46

describe mechanisms of drugs that inhibit eicosanoid synthesis and block cytokines

Answer 46

corticosteroids hydrocortisone, prednisone, methylprednisolone, dexamethosone mechanisms: lipocortin/annexin 1 inhibits phospholipase A, blocking pathways; also inhibits TNF-a, IL 1, 2, 5, 6 etc. side effects: immunosuppression, Cushing syndrome (skin and bones impacted due to effects on osteocalcin and keratin)