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CHEMISTRY 2 > IMF of Liquids (chapter 2) > Flashcards

IMF of Liquids (chapter 2) Flashcards

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1
Q

gas/ liquid; a substance that can flow

A

Fluid

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2
Q

The measure of the elastic force in the surface of a liquid.

A

Surface tension

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3
Q

The amount of energy required to stretch or increase in the surface of liquid by a unit area.

A

Surface tension

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4
Q

Tendency of a liquid to rise in narrow tubes or to be drawn to small openings.

A

Capillary action

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5
Q

The measure of a fluid’s resistance to flow.

A

Viscosity

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6
Q

A gaseous substance that exist naturally as a liquid/ solid at normal temperature.

A

Vapor

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7
Q

Change of phase from liquid to vapor (gaseous phase).

A

Vaporization

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8
Q

The equilibrium pressure of a vapor above its liquid; that is, the pressure exerted by the vapor above the surface of the liquid in a closed container.

A

Vapor pressure

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9
Q

The temperature at which a liquid boils

A

Boiling point

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10
Q

Normal boiling point in atm?

A

1 atm

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11
Q

The energy (kilojoules) required to vaporize 1 mole of a liquid at a given temperature.

A

Molar heat of vaporization (Hvap)

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12
Q

It is manifested as some sort of skin on the surface of a liquid or in a drop of liquid.

A

Surface tension

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13
Q

Molecules in liquid are pulled in?

A

All directions; downwards or sideways

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14
Q

IMF causes liquid surface to

A

tighten like an elastic film/ skin

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15
Q

in ST liquid; high IMF equals?

A

high surface tension

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16
Q

Capillary action is also known as?

A

“Capillarity”

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17
Q

Result of IM attraction between solid and liquid materials.

A

Capillary action

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18
Q

Capillary action is shown in?

A

Water rising in capillary tubes

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19
Q

CA 2 Types of Forces

A

Cohesion and Adhesion

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20
Q

IM attraction between like molecules

A

Cohesion

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21
Q

IM attraction between unlike molecules

A

Adhesion

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22
Q

Cohesive forces > Adhesive forces

A

Surface is convex; ex. mercury

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23
Q

Cohesive forces < Adhesive fores

A

Surface is concave; ex. water in glass

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24
Q

Cohesive forces = Adhesive forces

A

Surface is horizontal; ex. distilled water

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25
Q

High viscosity equals?

A

High time of liquid to flow

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26
Q

Viscosity unit

A

Units of centipose

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27
Q

Water’s viscosity

A

1 centipose/ 0.001 Pa/s at 20°C

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28
Q

Examples of lower viscosity

A

Carbon tetrachloride and benzene

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29
Q

Resistance to flow is 1000x stronger than water

A

Glycerol

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30
Q

is a metric system unit

A

Poise/ stoke

31
Q

SI unit of Viscosity

A

Pascal-second (Pa/s) or Newton-second/meter

32
Q

What makes glycerol’s IMF stronger than water?

A

its larger number of -OH groups allows it to form more H bonds w/ other glycerol

33
Q

V in liquids; high IMF

A

high viscosity

34
Q

V in liquids; high temperature

A

low viscosity

35
Q

closed container

A

Vapor pressure

36
Q

greater # of gaseous particles equals

A

greater pressure

37
Q

equilibrium; closed container

A

Vapor pressure

38
Q

Pressure of gas is ___ proportional to # of gas present.

A

directly

39
Q

High temperature = ___ molecules escaping

A

high

40
Q

High VP = ___ temperature

A

high

41
Q

Examples (of lower vapor pressure)

A

ethyl alcohol and water

42
Q

Why does ethyl alcohol and water have lower VP?

A

bc both is in hydrogen bonding

43
Q

Polar but doesn’t have H bonding

A

Acetone

44
Q

Nonpolar and has higher VP compared to ethyl alcohol and water

A

Pentane

45
Q

VP in liquids; high IMF

A

low vapor pressure

46
Q

move in random directions

A

gas molecules

47
Q

collide with other molecules

A

gas molecules

48
Q

rate of condensation is equal to?

A

rate of evaporation

49
Q

when condensation is equal to evaporation

A

equilibrium with liquid

50
Q

Relationship of vapor pressure and boiling point is ___ with other

A

consistent

51
Q

2 Properties of Liquids

A
  1. Enthalpy/ molar heat of vaporization

2. Boiling point of the liquid

52
Q

energy required to vaporize 1 mole of a liquid at a given temperature

A

enthalpy/ molar hear of vaporizarization

53
Q

symbol for enthalpy

A

“H”

54
Q

heat content at a given standard condition

A

enthalpy

55
Q

may be considered as a measure of the strength of IMF in a liquid

A

heat of vaporization

56
Q

easier to vaporize than H2O

A

acetone

57
Q

Why is acetone easier to vaporize than H2O?

A

bc acetone has no H bonding and heat in KE is enough to vaporize then

58
Q

Temperature at which the liquid converts into gas

A

boiling point

59
Q

liquid boils when

A

VP = pressure acting on the surface of the liquid.

60
Q

VP is equal to

A

external pressure

61
Q

normal boiling point

A

1 atm/ 100°C

62
Q

High enthalpy/ molar heat of vaporization

A

high boiling point

63
Q

good solvent (1)

A

water

64
Q

Has the ability to dissolve a large amount of chemical substance.

A

water

65
Q

Water is also known as?

A

“universal solvent”

66
Q

bc of water, H2O plans absorb?

A

nutrient ions

67
Q

water issues? (2)

A

farming and industrial plants

68
Q

Water has high?

A

Specific heat

69
Q

Amount of heat/ energy needed to raise the temperature of 1g of a substance by 10°C

A

Specific heat

70
Q

Specific heat of water?

A

1 calorie/g-°C (4.18J/g-°C)

71
Q

has one of the highest specific heat

A

water

72
Q

to raise the temperature of water…

A

IM hydrogen bonds should break

73
Q

Water’s boilng point is? (3)

A

Unusually high

74
Q

Solid water is? (4)

A

less dense causing it to float.

CHEMISTRY 2 (3 decks)

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