imeqma 1

Question 1

Allows radiologic technologist to
control the x-ray tube current and
voltage so that the useful beam is of
proper quantity and quality.

Answer 1

OPERATING
CONSOLE

Question 2

Refers to the no. of
x-rays or the intensity of
the beam.

Answer 2

RADIATION QUANTITY

Question 3

Refers to the
penetrability of the
x-ray beam.

Answer 3

RADIATION QUALITY

Question 4

5 TYPES OF X-RAY
TIMERS

Answer 4

Mechanical Timers

Synchronous Timers

Electronic Timers

mAs Timers

Automatic Exposure Control/Phototimer

Question 5

Works under clock system

Used in portable and dental
system

Answer 5

MECHANICAL TIMERS

Question 6

Most complicated, accurate and
sophisticated.

Can be used in rapid serial
exposure

Answer 6

ELECTRONIC TIMERS

Question 7

Energy that determines
the penetrating ability of
the beam.

Answer 7

KILOVOLTAGE PEAK
(KVP)

Question 7

Measures the intensity of the
x-ray beam and the number of
electrons that crossing from
cathode to anode.

Answer 7

MILLIAMPERAGE
(MA)

Question 8

precision device

1/17 msec exposure time

Cannot be used in rapid serial
exposure

Answer 8

SYNCHRONOUS TIMERS

Question 9

Allows the voltage to be
monitored before the
exposure

Answer 9

PRE-READING VOLTMETER

Question 10

Product of mA and Time

Determines the number of
x-rays emitted

Terminates the exposure
when the desired mAs is
attained

Answer 10

MAS TIMERS

Question 11

Device that measures the quantity
of radiation reaching the image
receptor.

Terminates the exposure when the
desired intensity is attained

Answer 11

AUTOMATIC EXPOSURE
CONTROL/ PHOTOTIMER

Question 12

Critical component of one type of
phototimer.

Answer 12

PHOTOMULTIPLIER
SENSING DEVICE

Question 13

Views a fluorescent screen
that converts lights from it into
an electric charge

Answer 13

PHOTOMULTIPLIER

Question 14

Device used to check the time
accuracy of x-ray timer

Answer 14

SPINNING TOP

Question 15

Maintain constant volatage of
system

Answer 15

line compensator

Question 16

Designed to supply precise
voltage

Answer 16

AUTOTRANSFORMER

Question 17

Device whose action is to make
and break the high voltage along
the x-ray tube.

Answer 17

TIMER CIRCUIT

Question 18

Circuit where the x-ray tube is
controlled

Answer 18

FILAMENT CIRCUIT

Question 19

Process of the heating of
filament leads to the release of
electron

Answer 19

THERMIONIC EMISSION

Question 20

Step-down transformer; in
charge of increasing of
increasing the current and
intensity of the filament to be
heated.

Answer 20

FILAMENT
TRANSFORMER

Question 21

RESPONSIBLE FOR LOW
VOLTAGE FROM ELECTRIC
POWER COMPANY INTO A
KILOVOLTAGE OF A PROPER
WAVE FORM.

Answer 21

HIGH VOLTAGE
GENERATOR

Question 22

THREE PRIMARY PARTS OF
HIGH-VOLTAGE GENERATOR

Answer 22

1. HIGH VOLTAGE
   TRANSFORMER 2. RECTIFIER 3. FILAMENT TRANSFORMER

Question 23

STEP UP TRANSFORMER

THE VS IS GREATER THAN
VP AND THE NUMBER OF
SECONDARY WINDING IS
GREATER THAN PRIMARY
WINDING

Answer 23

HIGH VOLTAGE
TRANSFORMER

Question 24

TURNS RATIO

Answer 24

500:1 1000:1

Question 25

-DEVICE USED TO CONVERT AC TO DC

Answer 25

RECTIFIER

Question 26

A PROCESS OF CONVERTING AC TO DC

Answer 26

RECTIFICATION

Question 27

STEP-DOWN TRANSFORMER; IN CHARGE OF INCREASING OF INCREASING THE CURRENT AND INTENSITY OF THE FILAMENT TO BE HEATED. VACUUM TUBES CALLED VALVE TUBES, REPLACED BY SOLID STATE RECTIFIERS MADE UP OF SILICON

Answer 27

FILAMENT TRANSFORMER

Question 28

ELECTRONIC DEVICE THAT CONTAINS TWO ELECTRODES.

Answer 28

DIODES

Question 29

3 TYPES OF RECTIFICATION

Answer 29

1. HALF WAVE RECTIFICATION 2. SELF RECTIFIED 3. FULL WAVE RECTIFICATION

Question 30

Results in pulsating x-ray beam Caused by the alternative voltage from 0 to maximum potential 120 times/sec

Answer 30

SINGLE PHASE POWER​

Question 31

- More efficient way to produce x-ray than single phase power Multiple voltage waveforms are superimposed on one another. There can be either. 6 pulses per 1/60 of a sec 12 pulsed per 1/60 of a sec

Answer 31

THREE PHASE POWER

Question 32

Voltage is not allowed to swing negatively during the half of its cycle Electrons flow only in one direction ½ of AC waveform 60 pulse/second

Answer 32

HALF WAVE RECTIFICATION

Question 33

X-ray tube serves as the vacuum tube rectifier Waveform is same as half-wave rectification

Answer 33

SELF RECTIFIED

Question 34

Contains at least 4 diodes 120/pulse/sec Main advantage: exposure time for any given technique is cut by half.

Answer 34

FULL WAVE RECTIFICATION

Question 35

Starting the exposure

Answer 35

INITIATION TIME

Question 36

Ending the exposure

Answer 36

EXTINCTION TIME

Question 37

Newest development in HVG that uses High Frequency Circuit

Answer 37

HIGH FREQUENCY GENERATOR

Question 38

another way to characterize waveform

Answer 38

VOLTAGE RIPPLE-

Question 39

variation in peak voltage

Answer 39

waveform

Question 40

100% voltage ripple

Answer 40

SINGLE PHASE POWER

Question 41

13 % voltage ripple

Answer 41

3 PHASE 6 PULSE POWER

Question 42

4% voltage ripple

Answer 42

3 PHASE 12 PULSE POWER

Question 43

1% voltage ripple

Answer 43

HVG

Question 44

MAIN ADVANTAGE

Answer 44

less voltage ripples the greater radiation quality and quantity.

Question 45

Vacuum tube or diode with two electrodes. 30-50 cm long and 20cm in diameter.

Answer 45

X-RAY TUBE

Question 46

Diameter of X-ray Tube

Answer 46

30-50 cm long and 20cm in diameter.

Question 47

THREE EXTERNAL STRUCTURES OF X-RAY TUBE

Answer 47

1. Support Structure 2. Protective Housing 3. 3. Glass or Metal Envelope

Question 48

Provides mechanical support for the x-ray tube ✓ Prevents electrical shock ✓ Reduces amount of leakage radiation to <100mR/hr at 1 meter or 1mGy/hr at 1 meter

Answer 48

Protective Housing

Question 49

maintains empty space or vacuum inside the x-ray tube. ✓ Made up of PYREX GLASS

Answer 49

Glass or Metal Envelope

Question 50

6 WAYS TO SUPPORT X-RAY TUBE

Answer 50

1. CEILING SUPPORT 2. FLOOR-TO-CEILING SUPPORT 3. FLOOR MOUNT SYSTEM 4. FLUOROSCOPY 5. C-arm MACHINES 6. PORTABLE/MOBILE MACHINES

Question 51

Used to perform radiography on patients who are not ambulatory

Answer 51

PORTABLE/MOBILE MACHINES

Question 52

X-ray tube are mounted on a support shape like C.

Answer 52

C-arm MACHINES

Question 53

The image tower is locked into place. Used to get x-ray images in real time.

Answer 53

FLUOROSCOPY

Question 54

Alternative to column mount.

Answer 54

FLOOR MOUNT SYSTEM

Question 55

Has single column with rollers attached to each end, floor to rail and ceiling rail.

Answer 55

FLOOR TO CEILING SUPPORT

Question 56

MOST FREQUENT USED

Answer 56

CEILING SUPPORT

Question 57

2 INTERNAL STRUCTURES OF X-RAY TUBE

Answer 57

cathode and anode

Question 58

negative side

Answer 58

cathode

Question 59

positive side

Answer 59

anode

Question 60

2 PRIMARY PARTS OF CATHODE

Answer 60

filament and focusing cup

Question 61

coil of wire Area where high speed electrons are produced. Made up of thoriated tungsten

Answer 61

filament

Question 62

Metal cup where filament is embedded.

Answer 62

focusing cup

Question 63

used for anode (yung 3)

Answer 63

Graphite, copper, molybdenum

Question 64

2 TYPES OF ANODE

Answer 64

Stationary and Rotating

Question 65

used in units where high tube current and power are not required. Ex. Dental and portable machines.

Answer 65

Stationary

Question 66

used in general purpose x-ray tube capable of producing high intensity x-ray beams.

Answer 66

Rotating

Question 67

SPEED OF ROTATION OF ROTATING ANODE

Answer 67

3400 rpm

Question 68

actual source of radiation.

Answer 68

FOCAL SPOT

Question 69

when better spatial resolution is required. - ranges from 0.1mm to 0.5mm

Answer 69

Small Focal Spot

Question 70

it is required when technical factors produce high heat. - ranges from 0.4mm to 1.2mm.

Answer 70

Large Focal Spot

Question 71

area of anode struck by radiation made up oof alloy tungsten and rhenium.

Answer 71

TARGET