Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CLASP - Radiology > Imaging of Acute Abdominal Pain > Flashcards

Imaging of Acute Abdominal Pain Flashcards

1
Q

primary imaging in acute abdo pain?

A

X ray
CT
US

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

secondary imaging in acute abdo pain?

A

MRI

fluoroscopy (contrast studies etc - not as common)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what can an X ray exclude?

A

bowel perforation/obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

benefits of US in acute abdo pain?

A

clear visualisation of solid organs, free fluid, aorta and pelvis
can correlate where you US with where the patient says they are sore

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

best imaging in acute abdo pain?

A

CT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

risks of CT?

A 
slightly increases chance of cancer
renal impairment (from contrast)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

MRI is second line test for what?

A

hepatobiliary
small bowel
pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

features of appendicitis?

A

periumbilical pain which then localises to RIF
nausea
vomiting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

imaging in appendicitis?

A

CT and US (Not X ray)

- ideally use US first, then CT if inconclusive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

appendicitis on US?

A

fluid and oedematous tissue around appendix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

appendicitis on CT?

A

large, distended, inflamed appendix

can sometimes see an obstruction (impacted faeces etc)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

possible complications of diverticulitis?

A

abscess
obstruction
perforation
fistulae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

diverticulitis on CT?

A

thickened, inflamed colon
can see abscess as gas and fluid contained within a pocket
can see fistula as fine line of contrast between organs (few hours after taking oral contrast) and can sometimes have gas in the organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

imaging in diverticulitis?

A 
X ray (look for perforation or obstruction)
then usually have CT
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

diagnosis of cholecystitis?

A

one local sign of inflammation (RUQ pain etc)
one sign of inflammation (raised WCC, CRP, fever etc)
confirmatory imaging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

imaging in cholecystitis?

A

US (very good for gallstones)
- shows wall thickening and local fluid (normal bile in gallbladder should be dark and not really visible on US)
can do CT but can give false -ve (thickened walls and fluid around gallbladder)
MRI if biliary tree is dilated (MRCP shows stones in bile duct etc)

17
Q

emphysematous cholecystitis?

A

diabetics
air in gallbladder wall
usually needs surgery

18
Q

management of cholecystitis?

A 
can try medical/conservative (antibiotics)
interventional radiology (percutaneous drainage, ERCP)
surgery (often needed)
19
Q

common causes of small bowel obstruction?

A

adhesions
cancer
herniae
gallstone ileus

20
Q

symptoms of small bowel obstruction?

A

vomiting
pain
distension

21
Q

signs of small bowel obstruction?

A

increased bowel sounds
tenderness
palpable loops

22
Q

imaging in small bowel obstruction?

A

shows site, cause, severity and complications (e.g perforation, ischaemia etc)

23
Q

conservative management in small bowel obstruction?

A

drip and suck

gut rest is enough in some causes (Adhesions etc)

24
Q

imaging used in small bowel obstruction?

A

1st = X ray
- generally shows distended loops of bowel filled with gas (can be missed if filled with fluid)
CT = more specific
- shows gas or fluid filled loops of distended small bowel
- can show most causes but cant see adhesions

25
Q

gallstone ileus on CT?

A

round, bright white, laminated stone in right iliac fossa

26
Q

causes of large bowel obstruction?

A

colorectal cancer
volvulus
diverticulus

27
Q

presentation of large bowel obstruction?

A

often less dramatic than small bowel (less vomiting etc)

28
Q

imaging in large bowel obstruction?

A

X ray can show grossly dilated large bowel but generally cant show the cause
CT better for showing cause

29
Q

common causes of perforation?

A

perforated ulcer
diverticular disease
less commonly due to cancer or ischaemia

30
Q

imaging in perforation?

A

X ray
- can show some larger volumes free gas but may miss small gas pockets and doesnt show site or origin
- wriglers sign
CT
- more sensitive and specific
- shows free gas and fluid
- often shows clues to site of origin (distribution of gas, localised inflammatory change or the actual defect in organ wall)

31
Q

normal blood flow to bowel?

A

20% of CO

32
Q

definition of ischaemia in bowel?

A

if blood flow drops to <10% of CO

33
Q

causes of bowel ischaemia?

A

arterial occlusion
venous occlusion
non-occlusive hypoperfusion

34
Q

features of bowel ischaemia?

A 
severe abdo pain
vomiting
diarrhoea
distension
borderline amylase
raised WCC
acidotic on ABGs
35
Q

imaging in bowel ischaemia?

A

biphasic CT = first line (arterial then venous phase)

36
Q

features of bowel ischaemia on imaging?

A

low density/non enhancing vessel indicates thrombus
can get free fluid
perforated bowel
submucosal haemorrhage
gas in gut wall
gas in vessels (mesenteric or portal vein)

37
Q

definitive treatment for aortic aneurysm?

A

EVAR

CLASP - Radiology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions