Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Sinus > Imaging > Flashcards

Imaging Flashcards

1
Q

Indications for CT in acute or subacute rhinosinusitis

A

if complications are suspected or if pt has comorbidities that predispose to complications (DM, immune def, prior facial trauma or surgery)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Indications of MRI in sinus disease

A

characterizing suspected masses, staging malignancies and surveillance of treated neoplasms. can tell solid mass from inflammatory mucosa and fluid filled sinus. also used for eval of orbit and brain in setting of complicated rhinosinusitis or invasive fungal sinusitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

5 indications of CT

A

1- acute & subacute sinusitis in immunodef pt. 2- acute and subacute sinusitis w/ associated orbital complications or neurologic deficit. 3- recurrent acute or chronic sinusitis (possible surgical candidate) 4- sinonasal polyposis 5- sinonasal obstruction, suspected mass lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

gadmolinium contrast in patients with renal failure

A

nephrogenic sclerosing fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

acute rhinosinusitis CT findings

A

dependent air-fluid levels and bubbly or strandy secretions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

CRS CT findings

A

significant mucosal thickening or opacification in a non expanded sinus, often with ostial obstruction. sclerosis and thickening of bony sinus walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

high density opacification in the sinus

A

viscous or desiccated secretions, allergic fungal rhinosinsutis or fungas ball

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

mucocles most commonly in

A

frontal. then ethmoid, maxillary, sphenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pott puffy tumor

A

osteomyelitis of the frontal bone with subperiosteal abscess. swollen forehead. can be associated with cortical vein thrombosis, epidural abscess, subdural empyema and brain abscess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

diffusion weighted imaging showing a bright signal for a fluid collection

A

restricted diffusion: abscess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

interval bony destruction

A

worrisome for cancer regardless of prior hx of inflammatory dz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

major complications of sinus surgery

A

orbital hematoma, orbital n damage, EOM damage, CSF leak, menginitis, carotid vascular injury, nasolacrimal duct stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

middle turbinate variations

A

paradoxical middle turb and concha bullosa.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

olfactory fossa is formed by

A

crista galli, medial lamella inferiorly and lateral lamella laterally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

deep olfactory fossa

A

long lateral lamellae. complicated by fx during ESS. early complication of ascending meningitis and later of intracranial hypotension from csf leaks, meningoceles and mengionencephaloceles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

medial and lateral lamaellae are separated by

A

vertical lamella of the middle turbinate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

define fovea ethmoidalis

A

continuation of superior orbital roof to cribiform plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

infraorbital ethmoid air cell

A

Haller cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

anatomical variants of frontal reccess leading to narrowing

A

enlargement of agger nasi cell anteriorly, ethmoid bulla posteriorly, or ethmoid air cell in the frontal recess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

thinnest part of the cribiform plate

A

laterall lamella

21
Q

type 1 olfactory fossa

A

olfactory sulcus is 1 to 3cm

22
Q

type 2 olfactor fossa

A

3 to 7mm deep. lateral lamella forms a considerable portion of the medial ehtmoid wall.

23
Q

type 3 olfactory fossa

A

7 to 16mm and ethmoid roof lies above the cribiform plate

24
Q

posterior ehtmoid air cell pneumatized on top of the sphneoid

A

onodi cell

25
Q

allergic fungal sinusitis on CT

A

sinus filled with hgih density allergic mucin. often with bony sinus expanision, remodeling and thinning. differential inspissated secretion

26
Q

allergic fungal on T2

A

low signal intensity or signal void

27
Q

fungus ball most commonly in the

A

maxillary sinus

28
Q

fungus ball on CT

A

high density mass within the lumen of the sinus with or without punctate calcificaitons. can have associated sclerotic thikcening, expansion and thinning of bone

29
Q

fungus ball on MRI

A

hypointense on T1 and T2

30
Q

invasive fungal on CT

A

low attenuation or soft tissue density thickening in the sinus

31
Q

invasive fungal on MRI

A

T2 hypointense signal in the sinus. spread of infx outside sinus appears as T2 hyperintense signal and enchancement in soft tissues. nonenhancement can be seen due to infarction of soft tissues. bony erosion common but not always if spread was vascular

32
Q

granulomatous sinusitis– most common

A

wegener’s

33
Q

granulomatous sinusitis on CT

A

nonspecific soft tissue noculdules along the nasal septum wit marked mucosal thickening. latera, perforation. then destriction of the bony nasal septum and sinus walls as the disease progresses

34
Q

noninfetious causes of granulomatous sinusitis

A

wegeners, sarcoidosis, fb reaction from beryllium, chromate salts, and cocaine

35
Q

noninfectious causes of granulomatous sinusitis

A

actinomycosis, nocardiosis, blastomycosis, tuberculosis, syphilis, rhinoscleroma, leprosy

36
Q

most common sinonasal tumor

A

SCC

37
Q

tumor vs inflammation on MRI

A

tumors have isointense to hypointense signal on T2 whereas inflammatory secretions and mucosa are T2 hyperintense. both tumors and infalmmatory muocsa enhance with contrast but fluid does not enhance

38
Q

inverted papillomas associated with

A

SCC in 5-15%

39
Q

arrested pneumatization of the basisphenoid

A

T1 and T2 hyperintense lesion in the basisphnoid bone. does not enhance and signfcal suppresses in keepting with fat. CT well defined lesion with slcerotic margins and central calcification

40
Q

maxillary sinus tumor T1

A

tumor limited to maxillary sinus mucosa with no erosion or destruction of bone

41
Q

ethmoid sinus T1

A

tumor restricted to any 1 substite plus or minus bony invasion

42
Q

maxillary sinus tumor t2

A

tumor causing boen erosoin or destruction

43
Q

ethmoid sinus T2

A

tumor invading 2 subsites

44
Q

T3 max/ethmoid sinonasal tumor

A

tumor extends to invade the medial wall or floor of the orbit, maxillary sinus, palate or cribiform plate

45
Q

T4a resectable sinonasal max/ethmoid tumor

A

invades ant orbital contents, skin, minmal extension to anterior fossa pterygoid plates, sphenoid or frontal sinuses

46
Q

T4b unresectable max/ethmoid sinonasal tumor

A

invades orbital apex, dura, brain, middle cranial fosssa, CNs other than V2, NP or clivus

47
Q

sinonasal N1 staging

A

one ipsilateral LN measuring < 3cm

48
Q

sinonasal N2a vs N2b vs N2c

A

N2a: met to single ipsileral LN measuring 3-6. 2b mets to mutliple ipsilteral LNs measuring < 6. N2c mets to bilateral or contral ateral LNs elss than 6

49
Q

sinonasal N3 staging

A

nodal mets > 6cm

Sinus (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions