Imaging Flashcards
Identify the relevant anatomy on this scan?
Identify the anatomy on this scan
Identify the anatomy on this scan
Identify the anatomy on this scan
Identify the CSF spaces
CSF between the gyri in the sulci
Identify the interhemispheric fissure, foramen of Monrovia, lateral ventricle, slyvian fissure
Interhemispheric fissue separates hemispheres
Lateral ventricles - paired space communicate with third ventricle via Forman of monroe,
Sylvian fissure separates the frontal and temporal lobes
Which structure is filled with CSF and surrounds the brainstem and what is it called, and which structure is the fourth ventricle?
) basal cistern
Where does the CSF flow through the brain as visible on this diagram?
Through the third ventricle into the cerebral aqueduct, into the fourth ventricle
Where does the pituitary gland sit in relation to the ventricles?
Where is the pituitary stalk?
Anteriorly in the pituitary fossa
Pituitary stalk superior to pituitary gland
Where does the optic chiasm sit in relation to the pituitary gland?
Immediately superior to pituitary stalk
Structures surrounding the brainstem and inner ear?
Anatomical lobes of the brain, brainstem and cerebellum
’
Which fissure separates the frontal and parietal lobes?
Central sulcus
What separates the frontal lobes and parietal lobes?
Slyvian fissure
White vs grey matter
Grey matter has relatively less myelinated axons but more cell bodies compared to the grey matter
Key grey matter structures and the consequences of damage to them?
Caudate nucleus and lentiform nucleus
Thalamus - problems including thalami pain syndrome, sensory motor disorders and even coma
Where and what is the corpus collusum , it’s genu and it’s splenium
White matter tract located in the midline extending over the lateral ventricles connecting the two cerebral hemispheres
Anterior aspect genu
Posterior aspect splenium
Which arteries for, the circle of Willis
Two vertebrae arteries form basilar artery
Two internal carotid arteries and basilar artery give rise to the anterior, middle and posterior cerebral arteries forming the circle of Willis
Label the venous sinuses of the brain and explain their drainage
Inferior saggital sinus drains into the straight sinus
Along with the superior saggital sinus for, the transverse venous sinuses which drain into the sigmoid sinus which drains into the internal jugular vein
T1 weighted MRI sequence
White matter is whiter than grey
IV contrast can be used, it appears white
T2 weighted MRI sequence
Useful to identify abnormal and normal tissue types within the brain
Suppression of water is known as flair
SWI good for appearance of blood
DWI blood is high signal in acute bleed, low in chronic infarct
White is high signal black is low signal
MRI flow sequences
MRA focusing on arterial system
MRV focuses on venous system
Acute infarct on MRI (DWI ADC T2)
DWI high attenuation
ADC low attenuation
T2 high attenuation
MRI chronic infarct (DWI ADC T2)
DWI low attenuation
ADC high attenuation
T2 high attenuation
Acute parenchyma haemorrhage on MRI (T1 T2 T2*)
T1 high signal
T2 low signal
T2* low signal
Extradural haemorrhage on MRI
Biconvex area of signal abnormality
Precontrast vs post contrast MRI in subdural haematoma
No contrast enhancement in
MRI in intracranial aneurysm
T1 low signal
T2 low signal
MRA contrast enhancement will occur in region of abnormal signal on previous sequences
Venous sinus thrombosis on MRI(SWI and MRV)
SWI low signal
MRV no contrast enhancement
MS demyelination lesion on MRI (flair, T2)
T2 high signal
Flair high signal
Glioblastoma on MRI (T1 pre and post contrast T2 DWI and ADC)
T1 Pre contrast low signal area, Post contrast high signal woo low signal centre
T2 high signal
DWI low signal
ADC high signal
Lymphoma on MRI (T1 pre and post contrast DWI ADC)
T1 precontrast low signal post contrast high signal
DWI High signal
ADC low signal
