Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Respirology > Imaging > Flashcards

Imaging Flashcards

1
Q

What are the causes of diffuse airspace disease?

A 
Blood
Pus
Water
Cells (malignancy, Eosinophilic PNA, OP)
Other (PAP, Lipoid PNA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the causes of Linear or septal opacifications?

A

Pulmonary edema
Lymphangitic Carcinomatosis
Chronic or Recurrent pulmonary Hemorrhage
Pulmonary fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the causes of reticular patterns?

A

UIP
NSIP
ARDS
Cystic lung disease (PLCH, LAM, LIP, Birt-Hogg-Dube, cystic bronchiectasis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the causes of nodular patterns?

A

NICO

Neoplastic
- Malignant - Bronchogenic carcinoma, Metastasis (thyroid, melanoma) Lymphoma, Carcinoid

Inflammatory

  • infectious - TB, NTM, Fungal, viral (vzv)
  • Granuloma - TB, NTM, Fungal infection, Sarcoid, ANCA, HP, Pneumoconiosis
  • Lung abscess
  • Rheumatoid nodule

Congenital

  • AV malformation
  • Lung cyst

Other

  • Mucoid impaction
  • Intrapulmonary LN
  • Amyloidosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the causes of a Solitary pulmonary nodule?

A

Malignancy (lung carcinoma, lymphoma, metastatic disease, sarcoma)
Infection (Aspergillosis, PNA, Granulomatous infection - TB MAC, cryto, histo, coccidiodies, lung abscess)
Inflammatory (EGPA, GPA, RA, Sarcoid)
Idiopathic/Misc (rounded atelectasis, amyloid)
Vascular lesion (infarct, septic emboli, pulmonary artery aneurysm, pulmonary vein varix)
Airways (mucoid impaction, lipoid pneumonia)
Congenital (AV fistula, bronchogenic cyst, intrapulmonary LN)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the causes of a Chronic Consolidation?

A 
TBBAALLLS
TB
BOOP (OP)
BAC (Bronchoalveolar carcinoma)
Alveolar proteinosis
ANCA
Lipoid PNA
Lymphoma
LIP
Sarcoidosis

SPACE-V
Sarcoidosis
Pneumonia (TB/Atypical, Organizing, Lipoid)
Atelectasis (rounded)/ Alveolar proteinosis
Cancer (adeno/lymphoma)
Eosinophilic pneumonia
Vasculitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the causes of Crazy Paving?

A 
Acute lung injury (ARDS/AIP_
Edema
Infection (Viral, PJP)
OP
Hemorrhage
PAP
Lipoid PNA
Drug/Radiation
Eosinophilic PNA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the causes of Upper lobe ILD?

A

HASTEN

HP
Ank Spond
Sarcoidosis/Silicosis
TB
EGPA
Neurofibroma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the causes of Lower lobe ILD?

A

BAD RASH

Bleomycin
Amiodarone
Drugs
RA
Asbestosis
Scleroderma
Hamman-Rich Syndrome
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the Eosinophilic lung diseases?

A

Idiopathic (Simple pulmonary eosinophilia or Loftlers syndrome, Acute and Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome)

Eosinophilc Lung Disease with Angitiis (EGPA, GPA, PAN, Collagen vascular disease)

Eosinophilic Lung Disease with a known cause (Drugs, parasitic infection, fungi, bronchocentric granulomatosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the causes of peripheral GGO?

A

COP
Chronic eosinophilic PNA
Acute eosinophilic PNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the causes of a necrotizing pneumonia?

A

Typicals/Atypicals (Strep, staph, klebsiella)

Mycobacterium (TB, MAC)

Nocardia

Histo, Crypto, Blasto

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the causes of Fibrotic Lung disease?

A

UIP
Fibrotic NSIP
Fibrotic HP
Sarcoidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the categories of Cystic lung disease?

A

Primary and acquired

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are Primary Cystic Lung diseases?

A 
Cysts are a primary features
PLCH
LAM
LIP
DIP
Birt-Hogg-Dube
Sjogrens
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the Acquired Cystic Lung diseases?

A 
Cysts are a secondary feature of a primary disease
UIP
PJP
Sarcoidosis
Light Chain Deposition Disease
Amyloidosis
17
Q

What are the 3 types of bronchiectasis?

A

Cylindrical (50%) - Signet ring sign, tram tracking
Cystic (40%) - “Bunch of grapes” appearance. Saccular dilation of bronchi that extend to the pleural surface.
Varicose (10%) - Intermittent dilated and narrowing of airway

May have multiple types (25%)

18
Q

What are the etiologies of bronchiectasis?

A 
Idiopathic
Post-infectious (bacterial PNA, TB, MAC)
Autoimmune/CTD
ABPA
CF
Primary ciliary dyskinesia
Humoral immunodeficiency (low immunoglobulins)
Aspiration
Alpha 1 AT deficiency
19
Q

What are risk factors for Primary spontaneous PTX?

A

Smoking
Family history
Marfans
Thoracic endometriosis

20
Q

What are the risk factors for Secondary spontaneous PTX?

A

COPD
TB
CF
PCP

21
Q

What is the differential for hemoptysis?

A

Infection/airways - Bronchitis, TB, bronchiectasis, aspergilloma

Malignancy - Carcinoid, NSCLC, SCLC

CTD - anti GBM, GPA, SLE

Drugs - Cocaine, A/C

Vascular - AVM, Bronchial artery aneurysm, PE

22
Q

What are the characteristics of airspace disease?

A

Fluffy opacification without clear margins
Air bronchograms
Silhouette sign

23
Q

What are the 7 patterns on CT Chest?

A 
Honeycomb
Cystic
Nodular
Ground glass
Mosaic 
Tree-in-bud
Septal thickening
24
Q

What are the causes of Honeycombing?

A

IPF
Asbestosis
CTD
Drugs

If upper lobe - Fibrotic HP, Sarcoidosis, Pneumoconiosis

25
Q

What are the causes of Cystic disease?

A

PLCH - In smokers, upper lobe predominant, has bizarre cysts with thicker walls as well as nodules.

LAM - Normal round cyst, normal parenchyma, upper, mid and lower lung zones, young women. Often chylous effusions.

LIP - Lower lung predominant

CTD

PCP - Diffuse ground glass, irregular cysts (actually expanding pneumatoceles), vary in size, number and wall thickness, often multiloculated

Emphysema (look-alike)

26
Q

How do you differentiate emphysema from cysts?

A

Emphysema has no full wall and central dot

27
Q

What are the 4 patterns of nodularity on CT?

A

Perilymphatic
Random
Centrilobular
Bronchovascular

28
Q

What is the perilymphatic pattern?

A

Nodules with preference for pleura, fissures and bronchovascular bundle

29
Q

What are the causes of perilymphatic distribution?

A

Sarcoidosis

30
Q

What are the causes for random nodules?

A

Silicosis, coal workers pneumoconiosis
TB/Fungal
Metastasis - colon, melanoma

31
Q

What are the causes for centrilobular nodularity?

A

Tend to be less dense

HP
Bronchiolitis

32
Q

What are the causes for bronchovascular nodularity

A 
Lymphoproliferative disorders
Lymphangitic carcinomatosis
Sarcoidosis
Organizing pneumonia
Infectious pneumonia
33
Q

What are the causes of Ground Glass?

A 
Pus - viral, atypical, PJP
Blood - Hemorrhage
Cells - Adenocarcinoma
Water - Edema
Other - OP, PAP, NSIP, DIP
34
Q

What are the causes of Mosaic Pattern?

A

Infiltration disease (multifocal pneumonia, though other causes of GGO are possible)

Small airways disease (asthma, HP, Bronchiolitis)

Pulmonary vascular disease

35
Q

What causes Tree-in-Bud pattern?

A

Infection (TB, MAC, Bacterial)

ABPA (finge in glove)
CF
Aspiration
Bronchiolitis

36
Q

What are the causes of interlobular septal thickening?

A

Smooth - Edema/infectious/Sarcoidosis

Nodular - Lymphangitic carcinomatosis/sarcoidosis

Respirology (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions