Imagery Final Flashcards
how are e-sports athletes similar to athletes
lots of money
lots of viewers
fear of failure
miscommunication
all cause burnout
League of Legends Intervention
was to see if we coould regulate anxiety
3 groups
education
acquistiiton
practice
30 miins each
Suggestions for imagery use to enhance confidence in e-sports
make yourself indespensable
practice another role
consider teammates ability
hard to do cause of location/geogrpahy
ear worm
song stuck in head
when eear worm was invented and by who
mark twain 1876, sadi that music was always within us even before we putit on paper
IMIS
Involuntary musci imagery scael
assesses earworms
4 factors of IMIS
negative valence
help
personal reflection
movement
why do we get earworms
- recent exposure
- mood
earworms occur during low cognitive load activities, wehn the brain isnt doing much
how do we get rid of earworms
lsiten to the song
listen to a different song
chew gum
3 modalities to musical imagery
visual
kinesthetic
auditory
Music imagery uses
consicous imagery unlike earworms
men women ear worms
men leave it
women get rid of it
Definition of Music imagery
ability to herar melodic sounds with the brains ear, in the absence of external stimulation
trained musicians vs non trained musians
trained musicians can guess the next note correctly (MMN)
they can hear the errorthat is within a song
diq to d-q-c amount nad what did they merge
46 and 7 to 25 and five
merged technique and feedback
merged metaphorical and role
time to image and playing the song
time to image the song and actually playing the song are coorelated
parts of the brain music
just like the psychomneuromuscular theory, we see neural activity within the auditory cortex of the brain
music imagery uses the frontal cortical areas and the auditory cortex of the brain
neural pathways in imagery of music use the same as listeniing to the music
Deviant sound
a mismatched sound that should not be in the music, or error,
traiined musicians can hear this
why can only musicians hear deviant sounds and not non trianed musicians
more experience- better picture
long term trianing enhances neural plasticity
imageyr of music and listening to music have the same neural pathways
meta analyiss of music imagery
imagery is better for cognitive tasks rather than ohysical taasks
Benefits to Music Imagery - ON EXAM
- pianists imporved memory
- trombonists showed practice + imageyr works best
- can be sibsitte for practice
- easier pieces we get better imagery effects compared to those more complex
- other - enhance confidance & control emotion
Classical musicians with imagerystudy
used the FIMQ
ficntions of imageyr questionaiir
found that…
MG-M usedf the most by musicians
then cognitive
then MS
CG+CS were merged because of poor reliability
no difference in gender
why do musicians use imagery
- limit disraction
- recover form error
- confidence
- overcome fatigue
- maintain metnal toughness
actor used imagery for
getting into character
entering a scene
technical prep
other
method acting
- drawing on our own experiences and emotions
imagery for surgeons for performance and training
gastric by pass surgeryies
found that 25% increase in performance awhen using imagerey
stress can impact
attention
knowlddge
memory recall
surgery needs to be stress free becasue
they are long and tedious
how to cope with stress
relaxation
self talk
distancing
esports grew in
audience and revenue
esports employs what
PST
psychological skills training
higher ranked players
use mental skills more than lower ranked players
mental skills that benefit e-spots
imagery
goal setting
attentional control
kohler effect
when you are the weak link on your team but team performacne relies on you
4 W’s of imagery in rehab
where , when, why , what
when - rehab
in rehabilitation
before and during exercise
imagery in rehab frequency and lenght
used less frequently becasue we train more than we rehab, we hrehab less frequenetly
used longer durations beucase
we have more time in rehab to image and less time in comp or traiing
why rehab imageyr (functions)
cg
cs
mgm
ms
mga
healing
pain management
injury prevention
healing imagery
positive images of interanl or external physiological processes
(seeing the mcarophges clear the debris)
healing imagery is highly related to
self efficacy
what do we not know about healing imgery process
dont know if healing imagery causes the healing whihc improves perfomacne
or if
the imagery imporves self efficacy then that imporves the healing and perfomrance
Pain Management Imagery function
to cope or idstract form pain
ex
blocking - blue aura bulb
distracting - happy thoughts
preparing - imaging lungs working well after RTP
visualizing
Injury Prevention Imgary Function
to prevent injury or re-injury
- imagining our limits and how far we can push them
(tight core, tucked elbows with no flailing)
Stress response and Injury diagram
potentially stressfull situation leads to (cognitve appraisals and psychological and attentiaonl changes which lead to injury) the STRESS RESPONSE
factors effecting the stress response
-personality
- history of stressors
- oping resources
imgery acts as an intervention to the stress response
Cognitive appraissals
demands - what is needed from us
consequences - positive or negative
resources - our physical ability
Physiological/Attentional changes
- increase muscle tension
-increase distractability - tunnel vision
applied model of imageyr
rehab traiing comp
five functions
outcome - skill acquisition
-arousal regualtio/anxiety
-modify cognitions
imagery acts as a moderator - kinesthetic and visual imagery
stats for imagery in rehab
32% used imageyr spontaneously
of the 32
72% foudn shortened return to play times
Imagery in ADult rehab study
19% exceptionally fast recovery
1st time we see healing imageyr adn therfore higher scores on the healing imagery questions
in ankles and knees
iamgery in pain study
30 acl replacements
contorl placebo and imageyr group
imageyr group found
10x stronger knee strenght
less pain
less reinjury anxiety
3 injury predispositions
personality
gender
stress
personality category, injury
sestation seeking and competitive trait anxiety
senstation seeking
less risk of injury becuase they are less liely to be hesistant (les stress/fear)
more likely to be injured because doing an extreme sport (dangerous scenarios0
competitive trait anxiety
stress in compoetitive situation s
increase stress = increase risk of injury
gender
no male or female difference when it comes to rate of injury
but women more liley to fuck up their acls and concusin
men more likely to fracture bones
why?
because we increase in different sizeis during puberty and because at this age we begin to play more contact sports
stress response definition
the releationship between a persons cognitive appraisal of potentially stressful situations and the phsycial and attentional aspects of stress
3 commmon responses to injury
anger
anxiety
treatmnent and adhherance probelmes
3 threats caused by injury
- sports are their identitity
- success in sports is dependadnt on skills
- experience fear of not fully recovering
how many people pschologically impacted by injury
74.4%
Response to injury diagram
Coignitive appriasal effects emotional response which effects you behavioural response
emotional and behavioural responses both effect you recovery outocm
persona; factors and sittuataioanl factors effect your cognitive appraisal
response to injury examples of definitions
personal factors - tyoe of injury adn intesity
sitituational factors - sport level, type of sport, family
cognitive appraisal - coping, belief
behavioural response - adhereance, effort
emotional response - anxiety , depression
recovery outcome - psychological and physical
most common injuries
@ ankle
sprain and strain then second is fracture
every 25 seconds a person goes to ER
1.35million to ER in 2012
most common age of injury
12-19 increaesing physical sports and sizes
injury vulnerability interventions
using imageyr and relaxation showed that 52% decrease in injury in swimmer and a 33% decrease in football
b ut dont know if it was imageyr or relaxation that caused this
targeted genearl athletes not just at risk ones
FLOATATION
naseed on restricted enironametnal stimulation theraoy
REST
sensosry deprivation tank
why use FLOAT
imageyr is more effective in float
rehab
nureoprogramming
recouprreation and rejouvinatioon
FLOAT Evidence
had basketabll players free throw after imageyr in float compared to autogenic traiing(focusing on heavy limbs)
imageyr group had better perfomance
imageyr gorup had a more relaxed HR
VR with IMAGery
should be used together
- helps stroke patients and people who cant make nueromuscualr connections
- reduced anxiety
- boost imageyr after you use the VR (clearer images )
-immediate feedbaclk
POST OP Imagery For Youth (7-19)found
foind shorter hospital stays and decrease post op anxiety
limit for the post op imageyr in youth study (LAMBERT)
- didnt account for pain meds.
how did they change the LAMBERT study
- controlled for painmeds
- changed the age group to 6-12
- grouped into three time cohorts
3 time cohorts
1 week prior
1-4 hours post op
22-27 hours post discharge
what did they find in the three cohrots
1-4 had the least pain
could be becasue their flooor was so low
associaion vs dissociation
assosiation - focus on pain
dissosciatio - focuse attention awya from pain
women men assosciation dissassociation
men use more assosciatiuve
women use more dissosicatve
Six Categories of Paoin Management Techniques
DR NEPP
Dramtized coping
rhymic cognitive anxiety
.
Neutral Images
external focus of attention
pleasant images
pain acknowledgement
dramatized coping
- seeing youself in pursuit of a heroic task
or
imaging pain management in rehab as occuring in conjuction with outstanding athetic achievement
rhymic cognitive activity
counting steps, counting strokes
or counting back form 100
neitral images
images of routine like walking up the steps
or calmly dressing after the game
external focus of attention
focus on the horizon
focus on the wind
pleasant images
image relaxing o a beach
or
performing the task good
pain acknoldegment
see the pain being washed away
or
image the lactic acid numbing rather than pain
tips with the 6 categories of pain management
should shift between assosicative and dissociative
it works best in conjuction with a dissosicative technique
type of non -pharmalogical treatments
- imagery
- relaxation
- acupuncture
- hypnosis
- breathing
imagery pre- operation study
foudn that wounds heal better with less stress
used it as a coping strategy
less cost to ensurance company if they can teach you ow to manage pain wihc can lead to less medications and less hosptial stays
insurance and pre operation intervention
save around 2000 grand handing out cds
imagery for kids going into surgery
less anxiety before surgery and less pain after surgery
30/100 pain in the guidded iamgery group
43/100 in the no imageyr group
kids going into surgery follow- up
wanted to know if the kids went to their own places other than that of what was on the guided imagery cd
wanted to see when and why they turned on the recordings
turned it on before and after surgery to reduce pain and streess
and they did indeed go to diffferent places
so it confoimed the hypotheiss
VAGNOLIAstduy
focuse on imafeyr relaxation adn return to reality
used 5-12 year olds 30 a group, 2 groups
ione wiht regular car
adnone with regular car and imageyr
imagery group had less paijn and anxiety
what did the kids say about vagnolia study in the imageyr group
said that imageyr is transferable and that they can contorl thier images
dont use imageyr if
- psycotic
-cant communicate
-hallucinations - cant distinguish fantasy from reality
dimentia or deirium
Hypnolabour
- used to reduce pain adn assist brihting’
- imaging the baby coming thrioug thte birth canal’
hypno birthing pros
- reduce pain
- reduce stress
- lowers BP
- imporves oxygenation throughout the body and babies body
myths about hypnosis
- no free will
-deep sleep - mind contorl or brainwashing
imagery in ptsd improved
- imporved nightmares intesity and sleep
-imporved cognitvie function
-imporved mood
-improved sense of self
used healing imageyr
what? - rehab
SENSI
sessions - 5-30s in rehab (more than msot sessions in comp) so longer
effectiveness - faster recovery rate
nature - positve vs negative images (negative for motivation)
surroundings - imaged themselves in comp and not in rehab cnetre
injjury prevention - kinesthiteci used a lot (type)
AIIQ2
athletic injury imagary questionaire 2
limits to aiiq2
- self reports
- not injury specific
- doesnt use injury prevention or pain management imagery
- not a lot of items (11)
imageyr with acls in kids study
used less mga because they had less or no anxiety in genreal
the threats to kids are lesss dire and different than those of adults
iamgery use immediatley after injury
mg-m
pain management
cg
types imagery used during rehab kids
cs-cg- ms - healing and pain management oimagery
misty copeland
too muscualr adn started late
why was imagery in danced developed
to imporve dacne skills
but now used in conjuctinon with miscule movemetn and to strenghten neural capacity
cs cg ms
dance imageyr definitiion
using hte sense to rehareas movement in the absence or in combination with movements, real or metaphorical, objects
ballet dancers and imageyr
most imageyr done with ballet dancers
used applied model of imageyr
found that MGM was a significant predictor of self confidence (used siq for this
TYPEs of Dnace Imgeyr
BICCEM
body related
irrelevant
character/role
context
environemtnal
movement
third aspect of dance imageyr is
not just ciognitive and motivational but alos artistic
artistic iamgery
- choreogreaphy
- communicating to the audience
- enhancing movement quality
why no tto use imageyr before dancing
they found that it makes them more mechanical and attend to movements that should be automatic
pre dance we shoul duse wha timagery
metaphorical imageyr because it makes them them move more natural and be outside themeslves
why cant we use SIQ for dance
- not internally relaible and valid
- doesnt use metaphoircal, character, or body related imagery
- doestn captur efull spectrum of the dancers image
if we cant use siq so we sue
did
4 functions of DIQ
technique
role/movmetn quality
goasl
mastery
when is dance imageyr used adn what for
used at all levels,
used in all times, rehab, traiing , competition
when instructing to inspire and choreographying
both perspectives used
what dance imagery function is used most
technique imagery
used the diq on kids and
7-14 6-8 questions in interview style
used all forms of imagery biccems and MRGT
exceopt for environetnal was mroe like hitting your mark and not the surroundings
and they created feedback imagery
\
Purpose of The DIQ_C developmetn
better definitions item adn scael development
asses appropriateness and clarirty via interviews
asses content relevancy via experts
whydoid kids use dance imageyr
for enjoyment and to fix mistakes
