Image Production Flashcards
Matter
Has form or shape and occupies space
Mass
Amount of matter in an object; generally considered the same as weight
Energy
The ability to do work
Potential energy
Energy of position
Kinetic energy
Energy of motion
Chemical energy
Energy resulting from a chemical reaction
Electrical energy
Energy resulting from movement of electrons
Thermal energy
Heat Energy resulting from movement of atoms or molecules
Nuclear energy
Energy resulting from the nucleus of an Atom
Electromagnetic energy
Energy that is emitted and transfer through matter
Ionizing radiation
Electromagnetic radiation that is able to remove an electron from an Atom
ionization
Removal of an electron from an atom
What is the length measured in
Meter
What is Matt measured in
Kilogram
What is time measured in
Seconds
What is the SI system
Meter kilogram second
What is the MKS system
Meter kilogram second
What is CGS system
Centimeter, Gram, second
What is the British system
Foot, pound, second
Velocity
How fast an object is moving
Acceleration
Rate of change of speed per unit of time
Work
Force applied on an object over a distance
Power
Rate of doing work(measured in watts)
Atomic nucleus
Contains protons (positive charges) and neutrons (no charge); contains most of the mass of an atom
Atomic mass
Number of protons plus number of neutrons; represented by the letter A
Electron shells
Contain orbital electrons (negative charges); represented by the letters K, L, M, N, O, P, and Q; in a stable atom; the number of electrons and protons is equal
Atomic number of an Atom
Equals the number of protons in the nucleus; represented by the Z; the atomic number determine the chemical element; all chemical elements are represented in the periodic table of elements
Isotopes
Atoms with the same number of protons but with a different number of neutrons
Electron-binding energy
Force that holds electrons in orbit around the nucleus
Octet rule
Outer shell of an of an atom may not contain more than eight electrons
Particulate radiation
Alpha particles (helium nucleus -two protons and two neutrons); beta particles (electron like particles emitted from the nucleus of a radioactive Atom)
Photon
Smallest amount of any type of electromagnetic radiation; also considered a bundle of energy, quantum; travels at the speed of light; travels in waves in a straight path
Sine waves
Waves of electromagnetic radiation; wave height is called amplitude; distance between the peaks of waves is called wavelength; as photon wavelength decreases photon energy increases
Frequency
Number of wavelengths passing a given point per unit time; measured in hertz (Hz)
What factors affect Quantitative xrays Emission?
Milliamperage-second, Kilovoltage, Distance, Filtration
What factors affect Qualitative xray emission?
Kilovoltage, Filtration
