Image production Flashcards
Has form or shape and occupies space
Matter
Amount of matter in an object
Mass
Ability to do work
Energy
Energy of position
Potential energy
Energy of motion
Kinetic energy
Force applied on an object over a distance
Work
Rate of doing work (watts)
Power
Contains protons and neutrons
Atomic nucleus
Number of protons plus number of neutrons
Atomic mass
Equals the number of protons in the nucleus
Atomic number of an atom
Atoms with the same numbers of protons but with a different number of neutrons
Isotopes
Force that holds electrons in orbit around the nucleus
Electron binding energy
Outer shell of an atom may not contain more than eight electrons
Octet rule
Smallest amount of any type of electromagnetic radiation
Photon
Waves of electromagnetic radiation, wave height is called
Amplitude
Distance btw the peaks of waves is
Wavelengths
Number of wavelengths
Frequency
Static electricity
Electrostatics
Movement of electrons btw objects
Electrification
Unlike charges attract and like charges repel
Laws of electrostatics
Methods of electrifications
Friction contact and induction
Material that allows the free flow of electrons
Conductor
Object that prohibits the flow of electrons
Insulator
Movement of electrons along a conductor / circuit measured in amps
Electrical current
Measured in volts ; the force with which electrons move in an electrical circuit
Electromotive force
Electrical charges in motions
Electrodynamics
Material that may act as an insulator or conductor under different conditions
Semiconductor
Measured in ohms
Electrical resistance
Voltage in the circuit is equal to the current x resistance
Ohms law
Path along which electrons flow series or parallel
Electrical circuits
Electrical circuit in which the current of electrons oscillates back and forth
AC alternating current
Unidirectional flow of electrons in the electrical conductor
DC direct current
Energy field surrounding an electrical charge in motion; can magnetize a ferromagnetic material, such as iron if the material is placed in the magnetic field magnetic field
Magnetic field
stacks of wire coil through which electrical current flows; creating overlapping force field lines
solenoid
opposing voltage created in a conductor by passing alternating current through it
self-induction
inducing current flow in a secondary coil by varying the current flow through a primary coil
mutual induction
device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy
generator
simplest type of current; voltage flows as a sine wave; voltage begins at zero; peaks at full value at the crest of the wave, returns to zero and goes back
single-phase, two pulse alternating current
special wiring patterns used to create voltage waveforms that are placed 120 degrees out of phase with one another
three-phase alternating current
device that converts electrical energy into machanical energy
motor
changes electrical voltage and current into higher and lower values; the transformer operates on the principle of mutual induction; so it requires alternating current
transformer
increases voltage from the primary to the secondary coil and decreases current in the same proportion; has more turns in the secondary than primary coil
step-up transformer
decreases voltage from the primary to secondary coil and increases current in the same proportion; has more turns in the primary than secondary coil
step-down transformer
contains an iron core and a single winding of wire; provides small increases in voltage before the step-up transformer
autotransformer
process of changing alternating current to direct current
rectification
when mAs increases?
receptor exposure increases
when KVP increases?
receptor exposure increases
contrast decreases
when SID increases?
receptor exposure decreases
spatial resolution increases
distortion decreases
when OID increases?
receptor exposure decreases
contrast increases
spatial resolution decreases
distortion increases
when grid ratio increases?
receptor exposure decreases
contrast increases
when collimation increases?
receptor exposure decreases
contrast increases
when focal spot size increases?
spatial resolution decreases
when central ray angle increases?
receptor exposure increases
spatial resolution decreases
distortion increases
sharpness of the structural edges in the image; controlled by pixel size and pixel pitch
influenced by SID, OID, focal-spot size and motion
spatial resolution
