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Remote sensing > Image pre-processing I & II > Flashcards

Image pre-processing I & II Flashcards

1
Q

Image processing is also called

A

Image restoration

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2
Q

Image pre-processing is ….

A

a preparatory phase to improve image quality as a basis for further analysis

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3
Q

Unprocessed images can be very

A

noisy, incomplete and inconsistent

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4
Q

Errors in image classification can be divided into two. What are they?

A

System and non-system errors

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5
Q

Internal errors due to the sensor itself is

A

System errors

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6
Q

External errors are ?

A

non-system errors

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7
Q

A system error caused by failure of one of the detectors is

A

line drop-outs

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8
Q

A system error caused by incorrect calibration of one of the n detectors is

A

N-line striping

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9
Q

An error caused by variations of neighboring forward and backward scans of the landsat thematic mapper is ….

A

Banding

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10
Q

Failure of one or more detectors to start collecting data along a line is

A

line-start

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11
Q

An error that is created due to atmospheric haze which scatters short wavelengths bands is called

A

Uniformly elevated values

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12
Q

An error due to unpredictable or unsystematic performance of the sensor is

A

random noise

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13
Q

When does striping occur?

A

when a detector goes out of adjustment

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14
Q

Banding is most evident in ?

A

water bodies or areas with low variability

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15
Q

Line drop out can be removed by …

A

Principal component analysis (PCA)

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16
Q

A common device error caused by either a failed detector or a completely saturated is called

A

Line drop out

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17
Q

If an image is already geo referenced, will destriping work?

A

No

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18
Q

What are the two sources of u systematic errors?

A

Topography and atmosphere attenuation

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19
Q

Error when the ground swath is skewed is called

A

Scan skew

20
Q

Error due to change in speed of the platform is called

A

platform velocity

21
Q

Error due to rotation of the earth during scan period is

A

earth’s rotation

22
Q

Error when the rate of scanning is not constant is

A

mirror scan velocity

23
Q

Error when sensors produce images whose pixels are not square is

A

aspect ratio

24
Q

Pixel values in commercially available satellite 📡 imagery represent radiance in the form of ….

A

Digital numbers (DN)

25
Q

Assigning coordinates to known locations is

A

rectification

26
Q

Resetting the pixels to match the ground control point is

A

Resampling

27
Q

The process of making an image conform to another image is

A

Registration

28
Q

A specific pixel on an image or location on a map whose geographic coordinates are known is called

A

ground control point

29
Q

……are needed for geo referencing.

A

GCP’s

30
Q

…… are used to correct image distortions by matching image coordinates to the map.

A

GCP’s

31
Q

The process of transforming the data from one grid system into another an nth order polynomial is called

A

rectification

32
Q

The two types of transformation available for rectification are

A

linear and non-linear transformation

33
Q

Raw remote sensing data contain distortions, preventing overlay with map layers, comparison between image scenes, and with new geographic coordinates. Which geometric correction can be used?

A

Rectification

34
Q

Since pixels of new grid systems do not align with old grid systems, the former must be ?

A

resampled

35
Q

Resampling is also known as

A

pixel value or intensity interpolation

36
Q

Example of radiometric correction is ?

A

Mosaicking, FLAASH, Quac

37
Q

Geo referencing is an example of what type of pre processing?

A

Geometric correction

38
Q

……. helps convert data to real world coordinates

A

geometric correction

39
Q

The resampling method that assigns output pixel values by interpolating brightness values into two orthogonal directions in the input image is called

A

Bilinear interpolation

40
Q

What resampling method is the slowest ?

A

Cubic convolution

41
Q

The most computationally intensive resampling method is ?

A

cubic convolution

42
Q

Which geometric correction method is known to cause the problem of duplicating pixel values and loss of some pixel values ?

A

nearest neighbor

43
Q

…… is done to remove effects of atmosphere from the data.

A

atmosphere correction or modeling

44
Q

What is used to create output images by combining the DN’s of different bands mathematically?

A

Indices

45
Q

……. is used as a method of data compression.

A

principal component analysis

46
Q

……uses a more complicated mathematical combination of many bands to define vegetation.

A

Tasseled Cap Transformation (T-Cap)

Remote sensing (6 decks)

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