illness perceptions/cognitions and how to change them Flashcards
how are illness cognitions defined?
Lazarus (1980) defined them as common sense conceptualisation of their illness and provides a guideline for coping and signs to look for when ill.
outline the relationship between illness cognitions and the SRM.
illness cognitions have five dimensions - identity, causation, timeline, consequences, curability/control. these influence symptom perception (which can also be influenced by social messages) which in turn provide motivation to act via coping strategies. appraisal of these coping strategies either leads to the same behaviour continuing or different ones being used.
who found that mood effects symptom perception?
Harrington et al (2009) meta analysis of 244 studies found that anxiety and depression were predictive of symptom reporting.
intervention by Moskovitch et al (2014) found that improving positive affect led to lower levels of symptom reporting.
who found that social support impacts symptom perception?
Scambler (1989) found that 3/4 of patients went to a peer for advice before going to a doctor.
–> Hale (2007) found that men who had symptoms of prostate disease delayed going to a doctor because they were scared to disclose symptoms to peers over fears about masculinity - scope for large-scale public interventions.
evaluate the two types of coping.
approach coping is generally associated with better outcomes (Moreno, 2017)
but avoidance coping may be useful in short term cases (Wong, 2011)
what is a criticism of the SRM related to coping behaviour?
Searle (2007) found that cognitions influenced behaviour independent of coping. the model is linear in that it suggests coping mediates this relationship
who found the no symptoms no asthma belief led to low adherence?
Halm (2006)
what did Horne find about treatment cognitions?
he found the four dimensions: general about overuse of medicine, general about harm medicine can do, specific about side effects and specific about necessity. this led to the development of the necessity-concern framework
how has the necessity-concern framework been criticised?
O’Carroll (2011) found that only concern predicted outcomes whereas Phillips (2014) found that low necessity, low concern had higher adherence than high necessity high concern. exact dimensions to work on are not clear. reality is more complex interaction.
what are the interventions based off illness and treatment cognitions?
Petrie (2003) 3 part intervention and Goodwin (2005) cognition intervention have both been found to be successful.
