ILA 2- Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation Flashcards
What are examples of acquired brain injury?
Traumatic, haemorrhagic, vascular, anoxic and infective brain injuries
What is the definition of traumatic brain injury?
An alteration in brain function or other evidence of brain pathology caused by an external force
Are head injuries different to brain injuries?
Yes
How many patients attend hospital for TBIs each year?
2000
What percentage of TBIs are mild and what is their likely prognosis?
80% are mild
These are likely to resolve quickly over a few months to a year
What are the leading causes of TBI?
RTC, falls (elderly), assaults, sports
What is a contrecoup injury?
When injury occurs in the brain on the opposite side that the blow took place
What are contusions?
Bruising of the bone
Where do contusions usually occur?
Close to bony prominences which the brain hits during trauma, particularly the inferior frontal and temporal poles
What are diffuse axonal injuries?
White matter injuries caused by high velocity/force injuries
Which imaging modality is best to see diffuse axonal injuries?
MRI
What are the three sections of the Glasgow coma scale?
Eye opening, verbal response and best motor response
What GCS scores indicate mild moderate and severe head injury?
Mild: 13-15
Moderate: 9-12
Severe: <9
How long does post traumatic amnesia last depending on severity of TBI?
Mild: < 1 hour
Moderate: <24 hours
Severe: more than 24 hours
What three groups can you classify changes that occur after brain injury?
Cognitive, physical, behavioural
