III. Vertebral Column/Spinal Column: General Organization of a Vertebra: C - Apophyses. (Pg. 14) Flashcards
What is the name given to the tubular bone growth regions of the vertebral arch?
the apophyseal regions
What names may be given to each apophyseal of the spine?
the transverse apophysis or transverse process; articular apophysis or articular process; spinous apophysis or spinous process
What is the generic orientation of the transverse process or transverse apophysis at each region of the spine?
cervical - anterolateral; thoracic - posterolateral; lumbar - lateral
All non-rib-bearing vertebra of the spine retain what equivalent feature?
the costal element
What is the name given to the rounded elevation at the end of the transverse apophysis or transverse process?
the transverse tubercle
What will cause the transverse process/transverse apophysis to alter its initial direction in the cervical region?
cervical spinal nerves are pulled forward and downward to form the cervical and brachial nerve plexuses thus remodeling the transverse process to accommodate their new position
What will cause the transverse process/transverse apophysis to alter its initial direction in the thoracic region?
the growth of the lungs remodel the shape of the ribs which in turn push the transverse processes backward
What will the articular process/articular apophysis support?
the articular facet
What is the name given to the joint formed between articular facts of a vertebral couple?
the zygapophysis
What is the name given to the bone surface at the front of a zygapophysis?
the superior articular facet
What is the name given to the bone surface at the back of a zygapophysis?
the inferior articular facet
What names are given to the part of the. Vertebra which supports the front of the zygapophysis?
the superior articular apophysis, the superior articular process, or the pre-zygapophysis
What names are given to he part of the vertebra which supports the back of the zygapophysis?
the inferior articular apophysis, the inferior articular process, or the post-zygapophysis
In the vertebral couple, the part of the vertebra which lies anterior to the zygapophysis is called _____.
pre-zygapophysis
In the vertebral couple, the part of the vertebra which lies posterior tot he zygapophysis is called _____.
post-zygapophysis
What is the name given tot the part of the vertebra forming the pre-zygapophysis?
the superior articular process or superior articular apophysis
What is the name given to the part of the vertebra forming the post-zygapophysis?
the inferior articular process or inferior articular apophysis
What is the method of calculating the angle of the spinous process/spinous apophysis?
calculate the angle formed between the undersufrace of the spinous process/spinous apophysis and the horizontal plane
What is the name given to the normal overlap of spinous processes or spinous apophyses as seen on X-ray?
imbrication
What is the name given to the rounded elevation at the tip o the spinous process/spinous apophysis?
the spinous tubercle
What is the orientation fo the spinous process/spinous apophysis at teach region fo the spine?
cervical - slight angle inferiorly
thoracic - noticeable angle inferiorly
lumbar - no inferior angle
What will form the posterior boundary of a typical intervertebral foramen?
the inferior articular process/post-zygapophysis, the superior articular process/pre-zygapophysis, the capsular ligament, and the ligamentum flavum
What will form the superior boundary of a typical intervertebral foramen?
the inferior vetrtebral notch or inferior vertebral incisure
What will form the inferior boundary of a typical intervertebral foramen?
the superior vertebral notch or superior vertebral incisure
What will form the anterior boundary of a typical intervertebral foramen?
the vertebral body of the segment above, the vertebral body of the segment below, the intervertebral disc, and the posterior longitudinal ligament
