II - Topnotch Pharma Flash Cards - Cardiac-Renal Drugs
lower BP by decreasing volume
Diuretics (TOPNOTCH)
Inhibit NA/CL transporter in distal convoluted tubule
Thiazide Diuretics (TOPNOTCH)
for mild to moderate hypertension(first line), Heart falure, Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidius, Renal calcium stones
Thiazide Diuretics (TOPNOTCH)
Thiazide Diuretics
HCTZ, Chlorthalidone, Metolazone, Indapamide (TOPNOTCH)
hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, sulfa allergy, hyperglycemia, hypercalcemia
HCTZ, Chlorthalidone, Metolazone, Indapamide (TOPNOTCH)
Inhibit NA/K/2Cl transporter in thick ascending limb of loop of Henle
Loop Diuretics (TOPNOTCH)
Loop Diuretics
Furosemide, Torsemide, Bumetanide, Ethacynic Acid (TOPNOTCH)
Hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, Potassium wasting, ototoxicity, hyperuricemia, nephrotoxicity, dehydration, hypomagnesemia,sulfa allergy, hypocalcemia
Loop Diuretics (TOPNOTCH)
activates a2 adrenergic receptors ; for hypertensive urgency
Clonidine (TOPNOTCH)
activates a2 adrenergic receptors, for pre eclampsia
Methyldopa (TOPNOTCH)
Taper use prior to discontinuation to avoid rebound hypertension ; readily enter the CNS
Clonidine (TOPNOTCH)
Irreversibly blocks the vesicular monoamine transporter(VMAT)
Reserpine (TOPNOTCH)
Block release of NE from the pre-synaptic neuron
Guanethidine, Guanadrel (TOPNOTCH)
alpha-1 blocker which is most selective for prostatic smooth muscle
Tamsulosin (TOPNOTCH)
Disadvantage of Prazosin compared to other alpha-1 blockers
short DOA (TOPNOTCH)
Release NO from endothelial cells, Relaxes arteriolar smooth muscle, causing vasolidation. Decreases afterload ; for pre-eclampsia, hypertension, heart failure
Hydralazine (TOPNOTCH)
drug induced lupus (hydralazine), reflex tachycardia
Hydralazine (TOPNOTCH)
Opens K+ channels in vascular smooth muscle, causing hyperpolarization, muscle relaxation and vasolidation
Minoxidil, Diazoxide (TOPNOTCH)
for alopecia / male pattern baldness, hypertension
Minoxidil (TOPNOTCH)
Constipation, Nausea, flushing,gingival hyperplasia, AV block, sinus node depression, Pretibial edema, dizziness
Non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker: Verapamil, Diltiazem (TOPNOTCH)
block voltage-gated L-type calcium channels (vascular > cardiac); for Angina, hypertension
Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker: Nifedipine, Amlodipine, Nicardipine, Nisoldipine, Isradipine, Felodipine (TOPNOTCH)
relaxes venous and arteriolar smooth muscle
Nitroprusside (TOPNOTCH)