ii

Question 1

adaptation

Answer 1

the action or process of adapting or being adapted.

Question 2

species.

Answer 2

Species, in biology, classification comprising related organisms that share common characteristics and are capable of interbreeding.

Question 3

evaluation

Answer 3

in biology, evolution is the change in the characteristics of a species over several generations and relies on the process of natural selection.

Question 4

fossil

Answer 4

the remains or impression of a prehistoric organism preserved in petrified form or as a mold or cast in rock

Question 5

fossil record

Answer 5

fossil record, history of life as documented by fossils, the remains or imprints of organisms from earlier geological periods preserved in sedimentary rock.

Question 6

trait

Answer 6

a distinguishing characteristic or quality, especially of one’s personal nature: bad traits of character.

Question 7

selective breeding

Answer 7

Selective breeding is the process by which humans use animal breeding and plant breeding to selectively develop particular phenotypic traits by choosing which typically animal or plant males and females will sexually reproduce and have offspring together.

Question 8

natural selection

Answer 8

the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. The theory of its action was first fully expounded by Charles Darwin and is now believed to be the main process that brings about evolution.

Question 9

generation time

Answer 9

In population biology and demography, generation time is the average time between two consecutive generations in the lineages of a population. In human populations, generation time typically ranges from 22 to 33 years.

Question 10

specification

Answer 10

the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution

Question 11

relative dating

Answer 11

Relative dating is the science of determining the relative order of past events, without necessarily determining their absolute age. In geology, rock or superficial deposits, fossils and lithologies can be used to correlate one stratigraphic column with another.

Question 12

absolute dating

Answer 12

Absolute dating is the process of determining an age on a specified chronology in archaeology and geology. Some scientists prefer the terms chronometric or calendar dating, as use of the word “absolute” implies an unwarranted certainty of accuracy.

Question 13

geologic time scale

Answer 13

The geologic time scale is a system of chronological dating that classifies geological strata in time. It is used by geologists, paleontologists, and other Earth scientists to describe the timing and relationships of events in geologic history.