Igneous Rocks

Question 0

How are Igneous rocks formed?

Answer 0

1. Melt- magma
2. Cooling- above or below ground
3. Crystallization- individual mineral crystals
4. Solidification

Question 1

What is a rock?

Answer 1

A consolidated mass of mineral matter.

Question 2

Extrusive

Answer 2

Cooling on surface of Earth. Fine grained.

Question 3

Intrusive

Answer 3

Cooling below surface. Grainy/larger crystals.

Question 4

Pluton

Answer 4

Crystallized body of magma.

Question 5

Batholith

Answer 5

Exposed pluton with an area larger than 100km squared.

Question 6

Stock

Answer 6

Exposed pluton with an area less than 100km squared.

Question 7

Sill

Answer 7

Horizontal/parallel to rock layers.

Question 8

Dike

Answer 8

Vertical or perpendicular to rock layer.

Question 9

Aphanitic

Answer 9

Very fine grained. (Extrusive)

Question 10

Phaneritic

Answer 10

Coarse/large grains. (Intrusive)

Question 11

Porphyritic

Answer 11

Magma starts cooling intrusively and extrusively erupts. Creates larger grains in a finer-grained matrix.

Question 12

Rockforming minerals:

Answer 12

Quartz
Orthoclase feldspar
Plagioclase feldspar
Biotite
Pyroxene (Augite)
Amphibole (Horneblende)
Olivine

Question 13

Felsic vs Mafic

Answer 13

More or less silica?

Question 14

Bowen’s Reaction Series

Answer 14

Ratios of Si4 at certain temperatures with or without Al.