IFSTA 2 & 3 Flashcards
1
Q
Definition of maintenance
A
keeping apparatus in state of usefulness or readiness
2
Q
Definition of repair
A
restore that which has become inoperable or out of place
3
Q
What does PM do (benefits)
A
-ensure reliability,
-reduce freq and cost of repairs,
-reduces OOS times
4
Q
Goal of PM
A
eliminate unexpected and catastrophic failures that may endanger firefighters and the general public
5
Q
What standard train and certify mechanics and manager
A
NFPA 1071 Stand for Emerg Vehicle Tech Prof Qualifications
6
Q
What standard ensures drivers able to perform maint
A
NFPA 1002
7
Q
What standard defines the OOS criteria
A
NFPA 1911
8
Q
Where are some of the most vulnerable areas of the vehicle
A
The engine compartment, where linkages, fuel injectors, and other controls may become inoperable due to dirt
9
Q
Fuel injectors should be checked
A
while they have no external movable parts, they are a source of collection of dirt and oil
10
Q
What areas are better seen when no dirt or residue
A
Suspension, brake parts, spring shackles, driveline, steering
11
Q
When road brine dries it forms dust that can
A
stick to undercarriage and corrode electrical connections, when water is applied it reactivates, a neutralization solution should be considered
12
Q
Steam or pressure cleaning can
A
strip away lubrication, impact wiring harnesses and connections
13
Q
For new apparatus and paint
A
First 6 months use cold water, no nozzle, rinse dirt before soap
14
Q
Failure to dry after cleaning can
A
cause corrosion
15
Q
Automotive glass cleaning with
A
soapy water or commercial glass cleaner, no shop towels use paper towels
16
Q
How long to wait before waxing exterior
A
6 months
17
Q
CDL required when GVWR is
A
26,001 pounds or more
18
Q
What two inspections are done during the walk around method
A
-Operational readiness inspection
-pretrip road worthiness inspection
19
Q
Operational readiness inspection
A
inspect apparatus and equipment to ensure all equipment is in place, clean, and ready for service
20
Q
Pretrip Road Worthiness inspection
A
visual inspection to ensure major components of chassis are present and in proper working condition
21
Q
Functional Check
A
an inspection where a certain system or component is operated to ensure that it is functioning properly
22
Q
Where to start the walk around
A
at the driver’s door in a clockwise pattern
23
Q
Approaching vehicle for inspection
A
problems from distance such as body damage, terrain vehicle is resting, fluid leaks
24
Q
How many harmful chemicals are in diesel exhaust
A
up to 100 harmful chemicals
25
Most important tire check
tire type, condition, inflation
26
Tires should never be
mixed between radial and bias-ply and be same size and weight rating
27
Maximum weight an axle system can safely carry
Gross Axle Weight Rating
28
What determines the tire selection
GAWR
29
Over or under pressure tires will cause
damage tires, poor handling, excessive fuel consumption
30
Tire inspection includes
-proper tread depth,
-tread separation,
-cupping,
-wear sidewall,
-impaled,
-drying,
-cracks,
-rotting
31
NFPA 1911 requires tires to be replaced every
seven years
32
Old tires lead to
blow out, especially with low miles driven
33
Load Management System
sheds electrical load in an order if voltage drops
34
Overload
operation of equipment or conductor in excess of its rated capacity. May lead to overheating or damage
35
Load Sequencer
turns lights on in intervals so start up doesn’t occur at same time
36
Load Monitor
Device that watches loads that may threaten to overload
37
Load Shedding
When overload occurs, load monitor will shut down less important electrical equipment
38
Manual transmission free play
amount of travel before clutch begins to disengage engine from transmission
39
Throw Out bearing
what pushes on the clutch fingers to disengage clutch from engine
40
Steering wheel play should be
no more than 10 degrees in either direction, 20 inch wheel would be 2".
41
Excessive steering wheel play could cause
loss of control during driving
42
Curb weight is the weight
of the vehicle empty
43
GVWR is
max weight a vehicle can be safely operated
44
Over grossed
vehicle in excess of GVWR
45
Side to side variance in weight per NFPA 1901 and 1911
not exceed 7%
46
antilock brakes are
electronic system that determines locked wheel, temporary release of brake to prevent skidding
47
Air-Actuated Braking System
uses compressed air to hold off spring brake (parking) and applies air pressure to service brake for stopping
48
Air pressure protection valve
prevents air horns and other non-essential devices when pressure drops below 80 psi
49
Brake test shall be done
Annually, using method outlined in NFPA 1911
50
Slack Adjusters
Compensate for brake pad wear
51
Cabs with fluid inspection doors should be tilted
every week
52
DPF stands for
Diesel Particulate Filter
53
SCR stands for
Selective Catalyst Reductant, exhaust after treatment
54
DEF stands for
Diesel Exhaust Fluid, injected downstream of DPF to reduce nitrogen oxide (Nox) in exhaust gas
55
Lubrication effectiveness depends on
proper grade, frequency, amount, method
56
SAE number and meaning
Society of Automotive Engineers - indicates only viscosity
57
Other oil characteristics
corrosion protection, foaming, sludging, carbon accumulation, controlled by refiner
58
Lubrication over pumping creates
overpressure that may damage rubber seals
59
Battery connections should be
tight, protected with grease, jelly, protection product
60
Most batteries contain
lead and sulfuric acid, check for leaking acid
61
Batteries also give off what when charging
hydrogen gas that is highly explosive
62
Before jumping a vehicle ensure
other vehicle has same voltage electrical system, follow manufacturers instructions, connect in order
63
Post Maintenance Repair Inspection
ensure operation in accordance with initial design
64
Axle gear oil issues
Slight seepage ok, trails on wheel or tire is bad
65
Bulges in tires should be less than
3/8"
66
Dual tires should not
touch each other or other components
67
Engine should be run at what until reached operating temp
low idle
68
Before checking audible warning devices
wear hearing protection
69
If the vehicle has power steering system, free play
If the vehicle has power steering system, free play
70
Air brake checks
Engine off, chocked, neutral, release E brake, press brake to floor one minute, air psi should not drop below 3 psi, 4 psi tractors
71
Air brake check, pump brakes
warning light and buzzer activation at 60 psi
72
Air brake check, E brake activation
between 20-40 psi
73
Air Compressor should cut out at
120-130 psi
74
Air brake check after 130 psi
Pump brakes down to 85 psi then observe needle rising
75
Road Brake test
at 5 mph apply brakes, stop within 20 feet, no pulling, strong pedal
76
E brake test
same as road
77
Air brake check, after E brake activation
Start engine, should have 85-100 psi within 45 secs at full rpm
78
Additional air brake test
Engine off, pump brakes, pressure down, start engine, ensure air pressure at least 90 psi in 60 seconds
79
How to clean corrosion of batteries
Baking soda and water, wire brush, rinse with water and dry. Water can lead to parasitic current
80
Dirt dust or water on top of batteries can
bleed current between terminals
81
2010 LODD Deaths during travel
17 deaths
82
NFPA standard for drivers
NFPA 1002
83
Minimum standard for driver
Firefighter 1
84
NFPA 1582 Occupational medical program areas
Visual acuity and adequate hearing
85
Driving under the influence of alcohol is both
Gross negligence but recklessness
86
Reckless Disregard
conscious awareness of danger, while ignoring any potential consequences of doing so, harsher than ordinary negligence
87
Negligence
Breach of duty in which person or organization fails to perform to a standard required
88
Gross Negligence
Willful and wanton disregard
89
Due Regard
duty and responsibility to drive for safety of others
90
Driver is not protected from legal consequences if
driving with reckless disregard
91
Most common place for a collision to occur
intersection
92
Situational awareness
perception of one's surrounding environment and the ability to anticipate future events
93
Seven basic causes of collisions
Improper backing,
reckless driving,
excessive speed,
lack of skill/experience,
overload or misuse,
mechanical failure,
driver personal readiness
94
Brake fade
loss of braking function which occurs due to excessive use
95
Common lack of driving skills
overconfidence, inability to recognize danger, security of good driving record, misunderstanding of apparatus capabilities, insufficient training
96
Loading hose moving vehicle
forward only, no more than 5 mph
97
Most common driver injury
slips and falls when entering or exiting
98
Idling diesel engines may
cause carbon build up in injectors, valves, pistons
99
HEST indicator
High Exhaust System Temperature, active regen
100
DPF indicator
filter is loading up with soot
101
Regen Inhibit switch
prevents active regen if near fire hazard
102
May not burn off soot if
short runs or cold climate
103
Active regen is automatic or manual
automatic if engine load, temp and speed are acceptable, engine begins dosing fuel into exhaust stream to raise exhaust temp.
104
If DEF tank is low
derate ( reduce torque output) or limit vehicle speed
105
If engine is hot don't shut off, idle for at least
3-5 minutes
106
Issues with turning off a hot engine
increase temp due to no circulation, oil burning on hot surfaces, damage to heads and exhaust manifolds, damage to turbochargers that can result in seizure
107
Never what before shutting down engine
Rev engine
108
If you shut off an engine before stopping
fuel injectors may prevent from opening, and no lubrication
109
Ramp breakover angle
From front of rear tire to frame midpoint of wheelbase
110
Law of inertia
In motion remain, rest remain until acted on by force
111
Engine governor cannot control speeds going
downhill
112
Over throttling
injecting or supplying diesel engine with more fuel than it can burn
113
Railroad crossing with no space after
19824 locations, 100 feet or less, 122 accidents annually
114
which side of hills may have ice
northern side
115
how many times more to stop on snow or ice
3-15 times greater
116
Driving considerations
Aim high in steering, get the big picture, keep eyes moving, leave an out, distance from vehicle ahead, make sure others see and hear you
117
Studies show motorist respond better to
sounds that change pitch
118
What speed can you out run an audible siren
50 mph
119
Increasing speed by 20 mph can decrease audible distance
by 250 feet or more
120
When responding along same route with others
300-500 foot distance
121
what reduces effectiveness of reflective trim
warning lights and spot lights
122
On multilane roads, always travel on the
inner most lane so drivers can pull to right
123
Visual lead time
time needed to stop or perform evasive maneuver
124
Braking distance
distance from time brakes are applied until it stops
125
Reaction Distance
distance from time release accelerator to brake pedal
126
Total Stopping Distance
sum of driver reaction and vehicle braking distance
127
Common causes of driver error
1) too fast for road conditions
2) failing to anticipate obstacles
3) improper use of auxiliary braking devices
4) improper tire psi or tread depth
128
Acceleration skid and actions
gas pedal applied too quickly, ease off accelerator, straighten front wheels
129
Locked wheel skid
braking too hard, ease off brakes and straighten wheel
130
ABS activation
maintain steady pressure on brake pedal, do not pump
131
Non ABS skid, contrary to above note to steer straight
Release brake and steer in direction vehicle should be traveling
132
Auxiliary brakes required on all GVWR greater than
36,000 pounds
133
Four types of auxiliary brakes
Exhaust brake,
transmission output retarder,
engine compression brake,
electromagnetic retarder
134
Highest amount of braking torque
transmission output and electromagnetic
135
Which are unaffected by transmission gear shifts
transmission output retarder and electromagnetic
136
What causes skid in inclement weather with aux brakes
sudden torque placed on the vehicle may reduce friction of tires
137
Exhaust brake
creates back pressure by restricting exhaust
138
Engine compression brake
compresses intake air converts mechanical energy to heat
139
Electromagnetic retarders have less efficiency
at high ambient temps because heat transfer is thru cooling vanes
140
Transmission retarders
send transmission fluid to retarder and opposing action of spinning vanes slows driveline. Temperature is an issue
141
Automatic tire chains may be ineffective in snow
deeper than 3 to 6 inches, driving slow, or in reverse
142
DCDL
Driver Controlled Differential Lock
143
DCDL locks
wheels turn at same speed, avoid when downhill or turning
144
Interaxle Differential Lock
locks out interaxle differential. Full torque to each wheel
145
Backing spotter position
8-10 feet behind apparatus
146
How many blasts of air horn before backing
two
147
NFPA vehicle operations training
NFPA 1451
148
Hydraulic fluid psi of what can puncture skin
100 psi, can lead to gangrene, amputation, death
149
If oil pressure what shut down the engine
Does not fall within manufacturers recommendation in 5-10 sec
