IFR Review Flashcards
Minimum aeronautical experience required for an airplane instrument rating:
(§61.65)
• 50 Hours x-country PIC time
○ of which, 10 hours in airplanes
• 40 Hours actual or simulated instrument time
○ of which 15 hours with CFII
Including one cross country flight of
○ 250 NM
○ Along airways or by directed by ATC routing
○ An instrument approach at each airport
○ 3 different kinds of approaches using navigation systems
○ with a filed IFR flight plan
• 3 hours in the last 2 calendar months prior the the practical test
Personal documents required for flight. A.R.R.O.W
(§21.5, §91.103, §91.9, §91.203, FCC Form 605)
○ A - Airworthiness certificate
○ R - Registrations certificate
○ R - Radio station license (for international flights)
○ O - Operating limitations & AFM [airplane flight manual]
○ W - Weight & Balance data
Aircraft maintenance inspections required for IFR.
A.V.I.A.T.E
○ A - Annual inspection every 12 calendar months (§91.409)
○ V - VOR every 30 days (§91.171)
○ I - 100 Hour inspections (§91.409)
○ A - Altimeter, altitude reporting and static system every 24 calendar months (§91.413)
○ T - Transponder every 24 months (§91.413)
○ E - ELT every 12 months (§91.207)
Pre-flight information required for IFR:
W.K.R.A.F.T
(§91.103)
○ W - Weather reports and forecasts
○ K - Known traffic delays as advised by ATC
○ R - Runway length of intended use
○ A - Alternatives available if flight cannot be completed as planned
○ F - Fuel requirements
○ T - Takeoff and landing performance data
Pre-flight self-assessment:
I.M.S.A.F.E
○ I - Illness ○ M - Medication ○ S - Stress ○ A - Alcohol (8 hours bottle to throttle; no more than ≤ .04% alcohol in blood) ○ F - Fatigue ○ E - Emotion
Risk management & personal minimums
P.A.V.E
○ P - Pilot (general health, physical/mental/emotional state, proficiency, currency)
○ A - Aircraft (airworthiness, equipment, performance)
○ V - EnVironment (weather hazards, terrain, airports/runways to be used & other conditions)
○ E - External pressure (meetings, people waiting at destination, etc.)
Logging instrument time:
A person may log instrument time only for that flight
time when the person operates the aircraft solely by
reference to instruments under actual or simulated
instrument flight conditions.
PIC Recency of Experience - 6 HITS
Experience - During the last 6 months:
○ 6 Instrument approaches
○Holding and procedure & tasks
○Intercept and Track courses through the use of electronic navigation Systems
If you are not following 6 HITS method, but using an ATD
In the last 2 calendar months before the flight:
○ 3 hours instrument experience
○ Holding procedures & tasks
○ 6 instrument approaches
○ 2 unusual attitude recoveries in a descending Vne condition
If the 6 months qualifying time has lapsed…
Log 6HITS with a safety pilot (under simulated conditions), instructor, or examiner
○ Safety pilot must be at least a private pilot with the appropriate category and class. He must have adequate vision forward and to each side of the aircraft. When using a safety pilot, the aircraft must have a dual-control system
○ If greater than 6 months (12 calendar months back) then…
Instrument proficiency check (IPC) with a CFII, examiner, or approved person.
○Certain IPC tasks, found in a table at the end of the
instrument PTS, can be completed in an approved flight
simulator or FTD. However, a full IPC can only be
conducted in certain full-motion simulators or in the
actual aircraft, since some tasks (such as circling
maneuvers) cannot be completed on low-end FTDs and
simulators
To carry passengers as PIC
○ 3 Takeoffs and landing in the last 90 days in the same category, class, and type (if type rating required)
○ At periods between 1 hour after sunset to 1 hour before sunrise; 3 takeoffs and landings to a full stop during 1 hour after sunset and 1 hour before sunrise in the last 90 days.
○ Flight reviews in the last 24 calendar months. See FAR for exceptions
(§61.56, §91.109, §61.57)
IFR flight plans
○ Required before entering controlled airspace under IFR (a clearance is also required) §91.173
○File: •FSS (in person, radio, or phone) •DUATS (online, no longer applicable) •ForeFlight •Through radio/phone with ATC •File at least 30 minutes prior to estimated departure time
○Stored in the system for 1.5 hours from the proposed time of departure
○ Cancellation (AIM 5-1-14)
• Towered airports - automatically cancelled by ATC upon landing
• Non-towered airports - you must contact ATC/FSS to cancel
• Can cancel anytime not in IMC and outside class A airspace
○ Preferred IFR routes are published in the Airport/Facility Directory (AFD). If a preferred route is published to your destination, you should file it in your flight plan.
Obstacle Departure Procedure (AIM 5-2-8)
○ Only provides obstruction clearance.
○ May be flow without an ATC clearance unless SID or other instructions are assigned (e.g. radar vectors)
○ Graphic ODP denote “Obstacle” in the chart title
○ All new RNAV ODPs are available in the graphical form
○ Found in the front of the NACO chart booklets, arranged alphabetically by city name.
○ Jeppesen charts show ODPs under the airport diagram (x0-9) page, or, at larger airports, on a separate chart
Standard Instrument Departures (SID) (AIM 5-2-8)
○ Provide obstruction clearance and helps reducing radio congestion and workload by simplifying ATC clearances
○ Pilot NAV SIDs - Pilot navigates by charted routes with minimal radio instructions
○ Vector SIDs - Navigation is based on radar vectors. Routes are not printed on the chart
○ Some SIDs depict non-standard radio failure procedures
○ File “NO SIDs” in the remarks of your flight plan if you choose not to use them
○ RNAV SIDs and all graphical RNAV ODPs require RNAV 1 performance (± 1 NM for 95% of the total flight time)
Standard Terminal Arrivals (STAR) (AIM 5-4-1)
○ Serves as a transition from the en route structure to a point from which an approach can begin
○ Transitions routes connect en route fixes to the basic STAR procedure
○ Usually named according to the fix at which the basic procedure begins
○ As with SIDs, you may state “No STARs” in your flight plan remark section if you choose not to use them
○ RNAV STARs require RNAV 1 performance
