IFR Part 135 Flashcards
Under what meteorological conditions may an IFR flight depart under Part 135?
A pilot-in-command of an aircraft performing an air transport operation must not commence an operation under IFR unless current meteorological reports, or a combination of current meteorological reports and forecasts, indicate that conditions will, at the estimated time of arrival, be at or above the minima published in the applicable AIP for the instrument procedure likely to be used at the applicable destination aerodrome.
What meteorological conditions must a pilot flying IFR comply to when landing an aircraft under Part 135?
A pilot-in-command of an aircraft must not continue an instrument approach to an aerodrome past the final approach fix or,must not commence the final approach segment of the instrument approach procedure if, before passing the final approach fix or before commencing the final approach segment, current meteorological information indicates that the visibility at the aerodrome is less than the visibility published in the applicable AIP for the instrument approach procedure being used
What are the IFR departure limitations under Part 135?
Each person performing an air transport operation shall ensure an IFR flight from an aerodrome is not commenced when meteorological conditions are at or above take-off minima requirements prescribed under 91.413 and are below authorised IFR landing minima requirements prescribed under 91.413, unless there is an appropriate aerodrome
(1)
for a two engined aircraft, within a maximum of one hour flying time, in still air at one engine inoperative cruising speed, of the aerodrome of departure; or for an aircraft having three or more engines, within a maximum of two hours flying time, in still air at one engine inoperative cruising speed, of the aerodrome of departure.
Under what conditions can a flight depart from an aerodrome with reduced take off minima under Part 135?
A holder of an air operator certificate may operate an aircraft at lower take-off minima than that prescribed in rule 91.413(g) if the certificate holder ensures that the operation is conducted in accordance with the reduced minima take-off procedure specified in the certificate holder’s exposition.
The reduced take-off minima procedure must require that every flight crew member is qualified for reduced minima take-offs; and
the runway to be used has centre-line marking or centre-line lighting; and
reduced take-off minima on the runway to be used are published in the applicable AIP; and
if the aircraft is a two-engine propeller-driven aeroplane, the aircraft is equipped with an operative auto-feather or auto-coarse system; and
the runway visibility is established using RVR; and
the method for observing and confirming that the required visibility exists for that take-off is acceptable to the Director.
When may a pilot depart from routes published in applicable AIP’s under Part 135?
A pilot-in-command of an aircraft performing an air transport operation under IFR must conduct the operation on a route published in the applicable AIP except when
it is necessary to avoid potentially hazardous conditions; or
operating under radar control from an ATS; or
operating under an off-route clearance obtained from an ATC unit; or
otherwise specified in the exposition of the holder of the air operator certificate that authorises the operation.
When may a pilot use approach angles of greater than 4.5° with screen heights of 35ft-50ft under IFR under Part 135?
for air operations performed under IFR, an approach slope indicator system comprising of at least a visual approach slope indicating system is available for the runway to be used at the aerodrome at which steep approach procedures are to be conducted; and
for air operations performed under IFR, weather minima are specified and approved for each runway to be used with a steep approach; and
for air operations performed under IFR, consideration is given to—
(i)
obstacles; and
(ii)
the type of approach slope indicator reference and runway guidance such as visual aids, MLS, GPS, ILS, LOC, VOR, or NDB; and (iii)
the minimum visual reference to be required at DH and MDA; and
(iv)
useable airborne equipment; and
(v)
pilot qualification and special aerodrome familiarisation; and
(vi)
aeroplane flight manual limitation and procedures; and
(vii)
missed approach criteria.
What instruments and equipment must an aircraft have for IFR flight in accordance with Part 135?
Except as provided in paragraph (b), a holder of an air operator certificate must ensure that every aircraft that is operated under IFR under the authority of the certificate is equipped with—
the following in addition to, and independent of, the instruments and equipment required under Subpart F of Part 91:
a means of indicating airspeed, calibrated in knots, with a means of preventing malfunctioning due to either condensation or icing:
a means of indicating sensitive pressure altitude calibrated in feet; and
(2)
spare bulbs for flight compartment instrument illumination; and
(3)
spare fuses.
(b)
An additional means of indicating aircraft attitude, powered by a power source that is separate from the power source for the attitude indication required under Subpart F of Part 91, may be installed instead of the additional means of indicating air speed required by paragraph
What are the flight experience requirements for IFR pilots under Part 135?
A holder of an air operator certificate must not designate a person as pilot-in-command of an aircraft performing an air operation under IFR under the authority of the certificate, unless the person—
has at least 750 hours of flight time as a pilot, including 150 hours of cross-country flight time which must include at least 50 hours cross-country flight time conducted under an IFR flight plan; and
50 hours of actual or simulated instrument time of which 25 hours may be in a flight simulator approved for this purpose; and
for night operations, 25 hours of night flight time.
When may a IFR flight be taken by a single pilot under Part 135?
A holder of an air operator certificate must not operate an aircraft on an air operation under IFR under the authority of the certificate with one pilot unless—
the flight manual for the aircraft permits the aircraft to be operated by one pilot under IFR; and
the aircraft is equipped with an operative autopilot or stabilisation system capable of operating the aircraft controls to maintain flight and manoeuvre the aircraft about the roll and pitch axes with an automatic heading and altitude hold; and
the aircraft is fitted with a headset that includes a boom microphone and facility for control column transmit-receive switching at the pilot-in-command station; and
the pilot-in-command has met the other applicable requirements of this Part.
What are the IFR flight crew competency checks under Part 135?
each pilot acting as a flight crew member of an aircraft operating under IFR has, within the immediately preceding 6 months, passed a check that is administered by a flight examiner and that—
covers procedures, including emergency procedures, appropriate to the equipment fitted to the aircraft and to the type of air operations to which the pilot is assigned by the certificate holder; and
is conducted in each aircraft type used by the pilot in the operation unless the aircraft has a seating configuration of 9 seats or less, excluding any required pilot seat, in which case the check may be taken by rotation in each aircraft type with 1 in each 6-month period;
