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Question 1

What is QDM and QDR?

Answer 1

QDM - bearing
QDR - radial

Question 2

One dot on the deviation bar equals?

Answer 2

5 degrees

Question 3

What is the 1 in 60 rule?

Answer 3

At 60nm, 1 degree = 1 nm

Question 4

Purpose of a hold?

Answer 4

To position the aircraft at the appropriate start point for a procedural instrument approach, and to induce a delay if required for ATC management.

Question 5

4 segments of a hold?

Answer 5

Inbound leg
Outbound end
Fix end
Outbound end

Question 6

Leg timings above and below FL140?

Answer 6

Up to and including FL140 - 1 min
Above FL140 - 1.5 min

Question 7

3 types of hold entry?

Answer 7

Sector 1 - parallel (110 degs on the holding side of the inbound cse)
Sector 2 - offset/teardrop (70 degs on the non-holding side of the inbound cse)
Sector 3 - direct ( remaining 180 deg)

Question 8

Explain a sector 1 entry

Answer 8

On reaching the fix, start timing and turn to track parallel to the Inbound Course, but in a reciprocal direction.
Fly for 1 minute, or until reaching DME limit, and turn towards the holding side to intercept the inbound track to return to the fix.

Question 9

Explain a sector 2 entry

Answer 9

On reaching the fix turn onto a heading (on the holding side) to make good a track 30 deg off the reciprocal of the inbound course.
Fly for 1 min, or until reaching DME limit.
Turn to intercept the inbound track to the fix.

Question 10

Holding speed for the Prefect?

Answer 10

140 KIAS

Question 11

Rate 1 turn?

Answer 11

19 deg AOB
3 deg per sec

Question 12

What is the ‘gate’ in the hold?

Answer 12

The gate is a QDM or QDR that is 30 deg off the inbound track.

Question 13

What is the ‘abeam’

Answer 13

Position 90 deg off the inbound track at the appropriate QDR or QDM

Question 14

Drift corrections for inbound and outbound leg?

Answer 14

Inbound 1x drift
Outbound 3x drift (up to a maximum of 30 degs)

Question 15

Timing corrections in hold?

Answer 15

Turn early/late
Time is adjusted by 1 second per knot of headwind or tailwind component.

Question 16

Tail up -
Tail down -

Answer 16

Numbers up
Numbers down

Question 17

Should you fly a continuous curved path on a DME arc?

Answer 17

No - as this will induce errors in the flight instruments

Question 18

Radius of a rate one turn in miles = ?

Answer 18

Speed (nm per min) / 3.142

Question 19

Lead radial = ?

Answer 19

Lead radial = (60/range) * radius of turn

Question 20

What must a pilot be aware of on the TAP chart?

Answer 20

ILS FAT
Procedure minima for ILS and localiser only approach
MAP

Question 21

ILS TIMTS?

Answer 21

Tune - Dial ILS frequency manually in STBY or use NRST ILS, and swap to active.
Identity - Use visual identifier in Radio page NAV line to identify the ILS. To identify the DME, scroll to corresponding DME line, unmute and listen.
Minima - Dial in the required minima, remembering that the approach
may be flown using either QFE or QNH, using BUGS/MINS/MIN ALT.
Track - If the ILS frequency was manually dialled in, select the inbound ILS track using OBS Manual.
If NRST ILS was used, the inbound track is automatically selected from the database.
Selections - Ensure:
-OBS/NAV VLOC1/2, Hdg up, sensible range scale etc
-If NRST ILS was used ensure ACTV/ACTV OFF/CONFIRM DEL FPL/Confirm is actioned. This is to dump any FMS guidance post the FAF
-There are no failure indications that could compromise the approach

Question 22

ROD for a 3 degree glidepath?

Answer 22

5 times groundspeed = feet per minute

Question 23

What should you do when the CDI starts to move?

Answer 23

Turn onto the MDR heading to establish on the localiser
Only then should you call “Localiser established” if ATC requested this

Question 24

In ILS mode, what does full scale deflection of the localiser needle indicate?

Answer 24

2.5 degrees deflection form the localiser

Question 25

Once the Localiser and Glideslope path have been intercepted, the indications must remain within _________ deflection

Answer 25

Half-scale

Question 26

What height is added to MDH/A to calculate DDH/A?

Answer 26

50 feet

Question 27

RVR for Cat 1 Precision Approach (ILS), PAR or Non-Precision Approach?

Answer 27

1. Elements of the approach light system
2. The threshold, or its markings, lights or identification
3. The visual glide slope indicator(s)
4. The touchdown zone, zone markings or zone lights
5. The runway edge lights

Question 28

What is the ‘Procedure Turn’?

Answer 28

A method that can be used in an instrument approach to reverse direction and intercept the FAT.

Question 29

What does a Procedure Turn generally consist of?

Answer 29

A straight leg with track guidance away from the facility, either timed or limited by a radial or DME distance.
A 45 deg turn in the specified direction.
A timed (from start of the turn) straight leg without track guidance, of 1 minute (Cat A and B aircraft) or 1 minute 15 seconds (Cat C, D and E aircraft).
A 180 deg turn in the opposite direction to intercept the inbound track.

Question 30

What is the difference between a Final Approach Fix and a Final Approach Point

Answer 30

FAF - Non Precision
FAP - Precision

Question 31

What is the Final Approach Segment?

Answer 31

The part of an instrument procedure commencing at the FAF/FAP.

Question 32

What is the Missed Approach Point (MAPt)?

Answer 32

The point in an instrument approach procedure at or before which the prescribed missed approach must be initiated in order to ensure that the minimum obstacle clearance is not infringed.

Question 33

When must the MAP be carried out?

Answer 33

If the MAPt is reached before the required visual references are acquired.

(Pilots should be aware that the MAPt is not necessarily a point in space from which a safe landing can be made).

Question 34

What is the difference between MAPt for precision and non-precision approaches?

Answer 34

Precision - usually defined by the intersection of the glidepath with the relevant DA/DH
Non-precision - The MAPt for a non-precision approach is defined either by a fix, a facility or by timing and is shown in plan and profile on the chart.

Question 35

What is a circling approach?

Answer 35

An approach during which an aircraft manoeuvres outside of the 30 deg arc of the centreline of the active runway in order to achieve a suitable position from which it can continue a visual approach.

Question 36

What must you ensure with the Circling approach regarding references?

Answer 36

Runway must be in sight throughout the manoevure.

Question 37

How long must you maintain the circling MDH/MDA?

Answer 37

Until the aircraft intercepts the normal approach angle around the final turn.

Question 38

What 3 factors must be met for a pilot to carry out a circling approach?

Answer 38

Circuit: visual/partial circuit carried out at or above the specified minimum circling height and within the specified circling approach area.
Visibility: the in-flight visibility is not less than the minimum value for circling approaches specified by the command/group orders for circling approaches, or the procedure minimum, whichever is more restrictive.
Position: the aircraft’s position relative to the runway has been established and can be continually monitored and maintained.

Question 39

Published circling minima for cat B aircraft?

Answer 39

500 ft

Question 40

What speed should you be at approaching the FAF?

Answer 40

120 KIAS

Question 41

When is descent below the MDH/A permitted?

Answer 41

When required visual references are obtained.

Question 42

Describe the 3 main steps of a Circling Missed Approach

Answer 42

Initiate climb
Turn to intercept missed approach path
Continue MAP

Question 43

The ________ Glidepath profile is the preferred method for the Prefect and Texan

Answer 43

Notional

Question 44

What is the Notional Glidepath profile?

Answer 44

A descent started at or after the FAF that approximates a precision approach glidepath angle of 3 degrees (ILS or PAR).

Question 45

What is the ROD of a Notional Glidepath?

Answer 45

318 ft/nm