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IED Flashcards

1
Q

What are the PAN Pubs

A

-A-2-1-77 / L-1-1-4

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2
Q

What are the capabilities and limitations of the Talon? A-2-1-102

A
  • Lifting Capacity: 15 lbs
    Speed: 5.3 mph
    Wireless LOS Radio Range: 1000m
    Safe Separation of Vehicle from HERO unsafe ordnance: 4 inches from antenna
    Vehicle Battery Life: 2 hours
    OCS Battery Life: 4 hours
    (Robot, Explosive Ordnance Disposal MK 2 MOD 0 Technical Manual)
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3
Q

What is a series, parallel, and series parallel circuit? A-1-1-31

A
  • Series: Connect 1 wire of cap to 1 wire of second cap, connect free wires of caps to two leads of firing wire
  • Parallel: Connect 1 wire of cap to 1 wire of 2nd cap, connect 2nd wire of cap to other wire of 2nd cap, connect combined wires to two leads of firing wire
  • Series/Parallel:
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4
Q

What are the general wait times for ordnance? What pub? A-1-1-22

A
  • Wait 30mins for dud-fired grenade
  • Wait 3hrs for unknown armed missiles
  • Wait 1hr after potential arming of unknown/unidentified ordnance
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5
Q

What are the different features of an IED?

A

Container, Switch, Power Source, Initiator, Main Charge

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6
Q

What are the different means of IED initiation?

A

Victim Operated, Time, Command Control

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7
Q

What is a Mk 663 and what are the specifications? A-1-1-31

A

-Blasting cap container, MK 663 Mod 0 Blasting Cap container - Must be kept 12 inches from ammunition/explosives.
Holds 10 caps, Can mix el and nonel

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8
Q

What different types of detonating cord are available? A-1-1-31-1

A

Primacord, Pliofilm Reinforced, Wirebound, Lightweight, Heavy Load. EOD uses Pliofilm Reinforced.

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9
Q

How fast does det cord detonate? A-1-1-31-1

A

-6500m/sec

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10
Q

How fast does shock tube detonate? What is the explosive filler? What different types are available? A-1-1-31-1

A

6500ft/sec

-90% HMX / 10% Aluminum powder

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11
Q

What are the different IED incident categories? A-1-1-4

A
  • CAT A - Grave and immediate threat, high priority, no wait times.
  • CAT B - Indirect threat, wait times will be observed.
  • CAT C - Minor threat
  • CAT D - No present threat
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12
Q

What are the specifications for the Mk 67 RFD? MK67 MOD 0 OPERATION MANUAL (chapter 3 / pg 23)

A
  • OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE:
  • 22ºF to 140ºF
  • 15ºF to 140ºF (RSTI) Remote Shock Tube Initiator
CONTROLLER UNIT
TRANSMIT POWER: 5 Watts (min)
TRANSMISSION RANGE: 5 mi (line of sight)
OPERATING POWER: 12 VDC
BATTERY PACK: Rechargeable NiMH
BATTERY LIFE: 6 Hours
BATTERY RECHARGE: 100 Minutes
REMOTE UNIT AND RSTI
TRANSMIT POWER: 1 Watt (min)
TRANSMISSION RANGE: 1 mi (line of sight)
OPERATING POWER: 7.2 VDC
BATTERY PACK: Rechargeable NiMH
BATTERY LIFE > 200 Hours* (*) At the end of the standby time, the Remote Unit can detonate 5 (2-Ohm) blasting caps connected in series and attached to 100 feet (30 meters) of wire.
BATTERY RECHARGE: 100 Minutes
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13
Q

What are the nomenclatures for the different blasting caps? Breakdown of caps. A-1-1-31-1

A
  • No.1-15: electric
  • M6: electric
  • Type 2: special electric
  • Mk 11 Mod 0: electric, HERO safe
  • Mk 17 Mod 0, 1: electric, HERO safe
  • Mk 18 Mod 0: electric HERO safe
  • Type 1: nonelectric
  • M7: nonelectric
  • M14: nonelectric, delay
  • M18: nonelectric, delay
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14
Q

What are the wait times for burn operations? OP5

13-2.3.5

A

Personnel will remain in the protective shelter until all the material spread for burning has been consumed. Personnel may leave the crew shelter after the fire has substantially subsided and a 30-minute post-ignition wait period has occurred.

A period of at least 2 hours from the wet down time is required before successive
burns are conducted on the same burning pad. If water facilities are not available or
unfavorable weather conditions; for example, subfreezing temperatures exist, a period of 4
hours shall elapse prior to consideration of the pad for a successive burn.

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15
Q

13-4.1. BLACK POWDER

A

The powder to be burned shall be removed from the container and distributed in a
trail over the burning surface, which has been free of fire for at least 24 hours.

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16
Q

TREATMENT OF PYROTECHNICS

A

There shall be a 36-hour cooling down period after the previous burn before the
trench is cleaned. If water is used to cool the trench and its contents, a minimum of 18 hours
shall elapse prior to cleaning

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17
Q
  1. What happens if a burn operation extends into the night? OP 5
A

A watch of at least 2 responsible people will be maintained until no probability of fire exists

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18
Q

How do you burn black powder? A-1-1-31 / NAVSEA OP 5 VOLUME 1 SEVENTH REVISION (pg 619 13-25) / A-1-1-31

A
  • Distance between trains shall be minimum of 10ft
  • Not exceed 25lbs
  • Initiation downwind
    a. Contents of only one container, not exceeding 25 pounds, shall be burned at one pad. Containers of black powder shall be opened one at a time.
    b. The powder to be burned shall be removed from the container and distributed in a trail over the burning surface, which has been free of fire for at least 24 hours. The powder trail shall not exceed 2 inches in width. No part of the trail shall parallel any other part at a distance of less than 10 feet and no part of the trail shall cross any other part.
    c. The black powder shall be ignited by an electric squib firing system or safety time fuse and igniter, or non-explosive electric ignition device. Ignite from downwind.
    d. Emptied containers shall be flashed or thoroughly flushed with water. If flushed, the water must be handled as hazardous waste until tested by the activities environmental office.
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19
Q

How do you burn smokeless powder? NAVSEA OP 5 VOLUME 1 SEVENTH REVISION (pg 622 13-28)

A
  • If explosives are delivered for burning in a not readily combustible condition, such as
    water wet, provisions shall be made to ensure complete burning. One method of ensuring
    complete combustion is to spread the explosives on a pad of combustible material soaked with
    fuel oil meeting environmental regulations. The combustible material used shall be scrap
    lumber, wood or other material such as excelsior. Where such materials are used, they shall be
    spread a minimum of 2 inches deep on the pad prior to spreading explosives.

c. Containers of smokeless powder and casting powder shall not be exposed to direct
sunlight long enough to raise the temperature of the powder above 100 degrees
Fahrenheit (°F). Containers that require protection from the sun shall be covered with a fire resistant
tarpaulin placed so that air can circulate through the stack. The rate of decomposition
becomes relatively high at 100 °F, and is dangerously accelerated at temperatures above
110 °F, when spontaneous combustion of the powder can result.
d. The container and lid shall be electrically bonded. The container shall be grounded
before the lid is removed, and the powder is dumped. Equipment used to ground containers
during lid removal, dumping of powder, and lid replacement shall be tested for conductivity prior
to each day’s operation. The maximum acceptable value for electrical resistance to ground
shall be 100,000 ohms. Bonding of the container to the lid is not necessary if the powder inside
the container is sealed inside a conductive bag. In this case, the powder and bag shall be
removed as a unit from the container, and the bag shall remain sealed until it is placed in the
burn pan.
e. Each operator or pair of operators, if two are required to handle containers due to
size, shall open only one container at a time, empty its contents, and replace the lid before
another container is opened.
f. The grounding shall not be removed until the lid is replaced on the container.
g. Not more than 4,000 pounds of large web smokeless powder and casting powder
shall be burned at one time. However, the burn amount will not exceed the quantities specified
in the RCRA permit. If the powder is small web, the maximum amount burned at one time shall
be limited to 2,000 pounds. The size of powder grains in 3-inch cartridges and smaller is
considered small web.
h. The smokeless powder and casting powder to be burned shall be spread in straight
rows approximately 4 feet wide and not more than 6 inches deep for large web smokeless
powder or not more than 3 inches deep for small web smokeless powder.
i. Care shall be taken to avoid walking on the dumped powder.
j. Operations shall be arranged to minimize exposure of personnel should a fire be
initiated at any point along the burning pad.
k. The ignition train shall be laid and ignited.

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20
Q

What is HFD and MFD and what do they mean? A-1-1-4

A

HFD - Hazardous Frag Distance - Calculated such that there is no more than one hazardous fragment per 600 square foot area, resulting in a 1% probability of a person being struck by a hazardous fragment.

-MFD- Maximum Fragment Distance - Calculated such that fragments from the primary case are not expected to travel beyond a given distance and pose a threat to personnel exposed in the open.

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21
Q

How can you quickly figure out blast overpressure distances based on NEW? A-1-1-4

A

-cubed root of NEW x K-factor

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22
Q

What is IBD? A-1-1-4

A

-Inhabited Building Distances

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23
Q

What are the different mitigation techniques in A-1-1-4? A-1-1-4

A
  • Fragment Mitigation: Sandbag, Water

- Ground Shock Control: Barricading, Trenching, Venting, Buttressing

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24
Q

What is fly rock and CCT? What are the K-factors associated with each? A-1-1-4

A
  • Flyrock - Occurs when debris, primarily rocks and large chunks of soil are propelled from a
    cave demolition site by the force of an explosion.
    -CCT - Critical Cover Thickness K3.5
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25
Q

What is METT-TC?

A
  • Mission, Enemy, Terrain, Troops Available, Time and Civilian considerations
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26
Q

What is DODIC and NALC? Where are they found?

A
  • DODIC: DOD Identification Code

- NALC: Navy Ammuntion Logistics Code

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27
Q

Describe the Mk 23 and Mk 24 EXROD. A-2-1-50

A

-Mk 23: Mod 0 has 113g 70/30 Octol
Mod 1 has 67g PBXN-9
-Mk 24: Mod 0 has 510g 70/30 Octol
Mod 1 has 510g PBXN-9

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28
Q

In regard to thunderstorms, when must demolition operations be secured? NAVSEA OP 5 VOLUME 1 SEVENTH REVISION (pg 242 6-18)

A

A storm shall not approach closer than ten miles before an ordnance operation is terminated.

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29
Q

According to EODMU1 instruction, how many personnel are required to conduct demo ops? name of instruction??? EODGRU ONE DEMO SOP (pg74)

A
  • A minimum of two personnel are required to handle ammunition.
  • A minimum of two personnel are required to access magazines.
  • A MIN 2 QUALIFIED PERSONNEL REQUIRED TO CONDUCT DEMO
  • OPS: RSO, DOS AND HM/EMT
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30
Q

XR-150 and XRS-3 specifications.

A 
-XR-150:
Weight: 4 lbs
Pulses per battery charge: 2500
Pulses per second: 10
Expected Life: 50,000 pulses minimum
Battery: 7.2v
(XR150 X-RAY SOURCE OPERATOR’S MANUAL)
XRS-3:	
Weight: 12 lbs
Pulses per battery charge: 4000
Pulses per second: 15
Battery: 14.4v
(XRS-3 X-RAY SOURCE)
31
Q

What is XTK (Xray Tool Kit) and who makes it?

A

X-ray software made by Sandia National Labs that allows you to scan X-Rays, build a mosaic, trace wires, and estimate NEW based on size.

32
Q

What are the different types or categories of CREW?

A
  • Active
  • Passive
  • Barrage
33
Q

Is our robot compatible with our CREW systems? A-2-1-119/113

A

Yes

  • Fiber
  • Or ommit frequencies used by robot
34
Q

What is a K-factor? A-1-1-4

A
  • Scaled distances (K-factors) less than those used for accidental and intentional detonations will result in a gradual increased risk of injury or death to personnel and damage to material exposures, due to increasing overpressure values. In addition, bare charge or light-cased cylinders and box-like shapes tend to scale other than to the cube root of the NEW QD in the near field, typically below 17ft/lb^1/3. Thus always maintain the minimal scaled distance for the applicable detonation.
35
Q

What is the average burn rate of time fuse? How does water depth and altitude affect the burn rate? A-1-1-31

A

-40sec/ft
-Water speeds up the burn rate
-Altitude slows down the burn rate
+ - 4 seconds

36
Q

When multiple RSPs are listed what is the order of precedence?

A
  • Primary: Go to procedure
  • Alternate: Equal in safety and effectiveness
  • Secondary: Shall be used when Primary and Alternate cannot be performed.
  • Tertiary: Shall be used when Secondary cannot be performed.
37
Q

What is the minimum time fuse length for both test burns and operationally. A-1-1-31

A

Test burn: 6ft
-Operation: long enough to permit person detonating charge to reach a safe distance by walking at a normal pace before explosion.

38
Q

What is RCRA? OP 5

A

-Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, establishes when items become waste and how hazardous waste are to be managed

39
Q

What is HERO and what are the HERO conditions? A-1-1-12

A
  • Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Ordnance
  • HERO Safe Ordnance
  • HERO Susceptible Ordnance
  • HERO Unsafe Ordnance
40
Q

Describe all specifications for the CMD-2. CEIA O&M Manual

A
  • Takes 2 ‘C’ batteries
  • Weighs 4.6lbs
  • Operate in -50-158F (-46-70C)
  • Extends to 4.2ft
  • 6hr battery life- alkaline
  • 8hr battery life- rechargeable
  • 5 Channels
  • 2 CEIAs on same channel need to be operated 20yds apart
  • 2 CEIAs on different channels need to be operated 2yds apart
41
Q

What constitutes a large IED? L-1-1-1-1

A
  • Greater than 1 cubic ft

- Greater than 100 lb

42
Q

K3.5, K9, K18, K20, K24, K50, K328?

A

-K3.5: For spalling of weak rock
-K9: Barricaded Interline distance
-K18: Unbarricaded interline distance Breaching
-K20:
-K24:
-K50: Essential personnel
K328: Nonessential personnel

43
Q

What is the fragmentation consideration if you have stacked munitions? AEDOPS Blast Frag Calculator

A

Higher chance of kickout if not stacked properly.

  • (+33%) to HFD, MFD-H, MFD-V
  • Hazardous Fragment Distance (HFD)
  • Maximum Fragment Distance Horizontal (MFD-H)
  • Maximum Fragment Distance Vertical (MFD-V)
44
Q

Whipping C4? A-1-1-31

A
  • 8 wraps for charges 1.25lbs or less

- Pyramid 7 wraps on top of 9 for charges over 1.25lbs

45
Q

What are the different types or categories of CREW? How do the work? Discuss potential limiting factors.

A
  • Active
  • Passive
  • Barrage
46
Q

Range Clearance Pub and general knowledge?

A

-A-1-1-36

47
Q

How much shock tube is needed for the PAN and why? A-2-1-77

A

A minimum of 6 feet of shock tube to prevent damage to the PAN
Also allows shock tube to detonate at correct speed

48
Q

What forms are required for explosive driving?

A
  • DD626
  • Medical Exam Cert
  • Gov’t Drivers License
49
Q

What is a MIST report? (google)

A
  • Mechanism of Injury
  • Injury Sustained
  • Signs and Symptoms
  • Treatment
50
Q

What is the MARCH algorithm? (google)

A

Massive bleeding control

  • Airway management
  • Respiratory management
  • Circulation/shock management
  • Head Injuries
51
Q

Describe the Misznay-Schardin effect and provide an example in relation to EOD. AEDOPS Dictionary (U) Definition ~ Military Terminology

A

The acceleration of a solid end plate (usually metal) from the face of an explosive charge under detonation, such that the end plate remains a solid and is usable as a missile. Usually used as a form of armor penetrator.
-When a concave copper disc is placed with explosives behind it to form an EFP. Usually for the purposes of defeating armor. Can be conventional or an IED.

52
Q

Describe Mach Stem effect and provide an example in relation to EOD.

A
  • If the explosion occurs above the ground, when the expanding blast wave strikes the surface of the earth, it is reflected off the ground to form a second shock wave. This reflected blast wave can merge with the incident shock wave. This merging phenomenon is called the “Mach Effect”. The overpressure at the front of the Mach wave is generally about twice as great as that at the direct blast wave front.
  • When an explosion happens/a blast wave enters a confined space such as a vehicle or a building, the blast wave reflects off of the walls and merges with itself. This effect greatly enhances it’s destructive power.
53
Q

What are the basic components of a radio?

A

Transmitter, Receiver, Antenna, Battery, Speake

54
Q

What is wave propagation

A

Any of the ways in which waves travel. Different waves behave differently depending on mediums they travel in and obstructions in their way.

55
Q

What is BEADWINDOW?

A

Radio pro word used to stop sensitive information from being divulged

56
Q

What is CASEVAC/MEDEVAC?

A

CASEVAC - Transportation of a wounded person (non standardized/dedicated vehicle, no treatment en route)
-MEDEVAC- Transportation of a wounded person (standardized/dedicated vehicle, treatment provided en route)

57
Q

What is the maximum amount of time an explosive driver can operate a vehicle? Can this be extended? NAVSEA SW020-AF-HBK-010 FIFTH REVISION 5-2.3

A
  • DRIVING HOURS. Explosives drivers shall not be required to drive for periods exceeding the customary 8-hour day, except in extreme emergency or when relief is not available. Per 49 CFR 395.3, no driver shall drive more than 11 hours following 10 consecutive hours off duty; nor shall a driver drive for any period after having been on duty 14 hours following 10 consecutive hours off duty. If approved by the originating activity, a driver may be given travel directions by another activity during the 8-hour period.
58
Q

What is brisance? Google

A

Shattering capability of high explosive

59
Q

When should the last detonation be planned prior to securing range operations? OP 5 13-3.3.1

A

60 minutes before securing range ops

60
Q

What is the difference between fuse and fuze?

A
  • Fuse: Time fuse

- Fuze: Initiates a piece of ordnance

61
Q

What is NOTAM and NOMAR and what do they have to do with demolition operations?

A

NOTAM: Notice to Airman Manager
NOMAR: Notice to Mariners

62
Q

What are the different hazard classes of ammunition and what are the different divisions of Class 1? OP 5

A
  • Class 1: A&E, DOT Classes A, B, C, and Blasting Agents
    • 1.1: Mass detonating
    • 1.2: Non-mass detonating, fragment producing
    • 1.3: Mass fire, minor blast or fragment
    • 1.4: Moderate fire, no significant blast or hazard
    • 1.5: Very insensitive substance with a mass explosion hazard
    • 1.6: Extremely insensitive detonating article
  • Class 2: Compressed Gases, Flammable & Nonflammable, Poison Gases
  • Class 3: Flammable & Combustible Materials
  • Class 4: Flammable Solids or Liquids
  • Class 5: Oxidizing Materials
  • Class 6: Poisonous Substances, Irritating Materials, Etiological Agents
  • Class 7: Radioactive Materials
  • Class 8: Corrosive Materials
  • Class 9: Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials
63
Q

Describe CD-450-4J. How many caps can it detonate in series and in parallel?

A

Voltage: 450 VDC

  • Minimum Energy: 4 Joules
  • Battery: (1) Alkaline 9V Battery
  • Series: 10
  • Parallel: Not recommended
64
Q

Max amount of explosives we can use off coast of San Diego at TA KILO? (Group 1 instruction) EODGRU ONE DEMO SOP (pg. 51)

A

29lbs

65
Q

Crimping blasting cap? Underwater?

A
  • 1st crimp 1/8-1/4 from bottom
  • 2nd is 1/8 from 1st
  • Double crimp and apply black magic for underwater use
66
Q

Thermite cluster and nest A-1-1-31

A

Cluster: multiple grenades taped together

-Nest: a group of clusters

67
Q

What is the format for a date time group?

A
  • Calendar day, Hours, Minutes(24hr format), Military Identifier, Month(3 letter acronym), Year XX
  • DDHHMM(Z)MONYY
  • Example: San Diego, September 15th, 2020, 10:18pm
  • 152218USEP20
  • Military Identifiers:
68
Q

What are the capabilities and limitations of the SUGV?

A 
2 batteries (BB2590, BB2557) for robot, 1 for OCU
4 cameras
IR distance-measuring device: 1m-5.5m
Batteries provide 6hr of operation(BB 2590) 1.5hr (BB 2557)
3 speed modes: snail, turtle, rabbit
can lift 8lbs(fully extended), 15lbs(close in)
35lbs of grip strength
max speed of 6mph
can climb 31 degree slope
laterally move over 17 degree slope
climb stairs with a 7.8in vertical step and rise overrun of 8/10
operate -5F to 120F
can reach 24in
traverse through 6in of standing sewage
wireless link up to 440yds
robot weighs 29lbs
OCU weighs 6lbs
69
Q

What is TATP and what are its precursors? L-1-1-1-1

A

Triacetone Triperoxide

-Acetone and hydrogen peroxide

70
Q

What is HMTD and what are its precursors? L-1-1-1-1

A

Hexamethylene Triperoxide Diamine

71
Q

What is a FOX mixture? AESOC phase I

A

Fuel and oxidizer mixture- need the proper ratio of fuels to oxidizers- CHEMICAL MIXTURE making a Binary Explosive
oxidizer - electron poor - contain large amounts of oxygen and give up oxygen in rxns- nitrates, chlorates
fuels- diesel/gasoline/sugar/alcohol/wax

72
Q

How do you properly perform an HME sensitivity test?

A

-Take a very small amount on your knife, hit it. Attempt to light a very small amount on fire. Perform this away from the rest of suspected HME!!!!

73
Q

List some potential ways to desensitize HME.

A 
Two methods: 
dilution:
water 
oil -WD-40 with a 1:1 ratio
acetone
alcohol
soil (not the best option)
Heat sink/insulator
The phlegmatizer acts as both a thermal sink and a thermal insulation that prevents the conduction of heat from one crystal to another
74
Q

What is a CAS number?

A

-Chemical Abstract Service number- unique number to ID a chemical substance

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