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Exam IV > IED > Flashcards

IED Flashcards

1
Q

Define an improvised explosive device (IED)?

A

A device placed or fabricated in an improvised manner incorporating destructive, lethal, noxious, pyrotechnic, or incendiary chemicals and designed to destroy, incapacitate, harass, or distract.

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2
Q

What is the definition for a booby trap?

A

An explosive or non-expolosive device or other material deliberately placed to cause casualties when an apparently harmless object is disturbed or a normally safe act is performed.

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3
Q

Define a mine?

A

In land mine warfare, an explosive or material, normally encase, designed to destroy or damage ground vehicles, boats, or aircraft, or designed to wound, kill, or otherwise incapacitate personnel. It may be detonated by the actions of its victim, by the passage of time, or by controlled means.

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4
Q

Describe the difference between an IED, mine, booby trap.

A

IED is a device placed or fabricated in an improvised manner.
Booby trap is when an apparently harmless object is disturbed or a normally safe act is performed.
MIne is normally encased.

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5
Q

Name all the components of an IED.

A

main charge
initiating system
casing

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6
Q

What are the different forms of initiating methods for an IED?

A

TIME
COMMAND
VICTIM

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7
Q

What is the most common form of initiating method in IRAQ to choose the optimum moment of initiation?

A

Command

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8
Q

What are the most common types of command-initiated?

A

They are with command wires or radio-controlled devices, such as LRCTs, cordless telephones, and remote car and alarms.

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9
Q

List common areas of IED emplacement.

A
  • Previous IED sites
  • Frequently traveled, predictable routes, such as roads leading to FOBs and along common patrol routes.
  • Boundary turnaround points(patterns)
  • Roadway shoulders (usually within 10 feet)
  • Medians, by the roadside.
  • Trees, light posts, signs, overpasses, and bridge spans that are elevated.
  • Unattended vehicles, trucks, cars, carts, or motorcycle
  • Guardrails
  • Potential incident control points (ICPs)
  • Abandoned structures
  • Cinder blocks (hidden behind), piles of sand to direct blast into kill zone.
  • animal carcasses and deceased human bodies
  • fake bodies and scarecrows in coalition uniforms
  • buildings
  • employed at the edge
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10
Q

Give 3 examples of the enemy luring in friendlies into the IED kill zone.

A
  • broken down motorist
  • person in need of medical attention
  • unaccompanied young child/children.
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11
Q

Give examples of primary indicators for an IED.

A
  • Unusual behavior patterns or chng in community patterns.
  • Vehicles following a convoy for a long distance and then pulling to the roadside.
  • Personnel on overpasses.
  • Signals from vehicles or bystanders
  • People videotaping ordinary activities or military actions.
  • Suspicious objects
  • Metallic objects, such as soda cans and cylinders.
  • Colors that seem out of place. ie.. frshly disturbed dirt
  • Markers by side of the road.ie tires/rock piles/ribbon
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12
Q

How far will an EN be away from employing an IED?

A

Between 30-500 mm and placing difficult terrain between them and friendly forces.

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13
Q

Give examples of IED being used.

A

Disguised statics, disguised moveble, thrown or projected IEDs, Hoax IEDs, and ie….

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14
Q

What are some particulars of a VBIED driver?

A
  • Lone male driver,
  • Ignoring orders to stop, attempting to circumvent a security check point
  • unusual appearance, ie clean shaven and very short haircuts.
  • Their aged mid-twenties.
  • driving erratically; driving to slow or too fast
  • wearing inappropriate dress for the enviroment
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15
Q

What are some particulars of VBIED vehicles?

A
  • sagging of the vehicle
  • an additional antenna for radio-controlled devices.
  • tinted windows to cover the driver and his actions
  • recant painting of vehicle to hide explosives
  • New welding marks
  • New tires on old vehicles
  • Anything unusual in factory-built compartments.
  • new or shiny bolts and screw.
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16
Q

Describe local signs of IED personnel.

A
  • camera crew “hanging out” near your area
  • vehicle observed more than once
  • odd traffic patterns
  • persons or person observed conducting recon
  • Vehicle testing local defense, ie drives at high speed towards traffic control point TCP and then breaks off.
17
Q

Describe the indicators for a potential suicide attacker.

A
  • An individual who deliberately ignores orders to stop attempt to circumvent a security CP.
  • An individual wearing too much clothing for the prevailing weather conditions.
  • A person with suspicious bulges in his/hers clothing, carrying packages/ bags or wearing satchels/ backpacks.
  • An individual handling wires, wires, switches, an actuator, or a “dead man’s” switch.
18
Q

What are the tenets of IED defeat?

A 
Predict
Detect
Prevent
Avoid Activities
Neutralize
Protect
19
Q

How do you predict an IED activity?

A

-identifying patterns of EN behavior
-Identifying emerging threats
-predicting future EN actions
-exploiting IED threat vulnerabilities
-target EN IED attack nodes(IE funding and supplies)
_analyzing forensics and enabling better on-the-scene technical analysis.

20
Q

How do we detect an IED?

A
  • detecting and identifying explosive material and IED components
  • detecting CBRN material
  • recognizing suicide bombers
  • conducting forensic operations to track bomb makers and / or handlers.
  • conducting persistent surveillance
  • training to improve detection of IED indicators by digital means
  • using detection means across the full range available.
  • recognizing individual Marine actions and awareness in all activities
21
Q

How do we prevent an IED?

A

-Disrupting enemy operations and their support structure
-Denying critical IED-related supplies to the enemy
-Increasing awareness of enemy TTP and their effectiveness
-Denying the enemy the opportunity to emplace IEDs( thoroug presence patrols, observation posts, checkpoints, aggressive surveillance operations, and so forth.
Rewarding local nationals cooperation in determining the locations of cashes, bomb making, or emplacement activities.
Denying easily concealed location and removing abandoned vehicles along routes.

22
Q

What are the two methods of neutralize?

A

proactive- activities include conducting operations to eliminate or interrupt the enemy’s leaders, suppliers, trainers, enablers, and executors responsible for the employment of IEDs against coalition forcoes.
reactive- activities include conducting controlled denations or render safe procedure (RSPs) against IEDs, cashes, capture enemy ammunition(CEA), and so forth.

23
Q

What does protect do in the tenent of IED?

A

these activities improve the survivability of IED targets through hardening, awareness training, or other techniques.
-disrupt, channel, block, or redirect the en and fragmentation
-creating greater standoff distance to reduce the effect that IED have on their intended target.
-using jamming devices
conduct proper pre combat inspections PCIs and rehearsal for all operations
-treat every operation as a combat mission.

24
Q

What are the two sub-elements for IDF defeat framework?

A

PROACTIVE (pre-dectetion) elements

REACTIVE (post-detection) elements

25
Q

What is a proactive element?

A

They are actions taken friendly forces to predict, detect, prevent, avoid, neutralize, and protect against IED events.

26
Q

What is a reactive element?

A

They are actions taken by friendly forces to detect, avoid, neutralize, and protect against IED events.

27
Q

A small unit leader generally has the capability to affect four of the six tenets of IED-D framework, what are those four?

A

predict
detect
avoid activities
protect

28
Q

What is the minimum safe distance from any IED?

A

300 meters

29
Q

What is the most effective way to enhance your security in relation to the IED threat?

A

preventing IED emplacement

30
Q

What are some activities we do to reduce IED?

A
  • develop community relations to gain information
  • coordinate with local police and conduct joint patrols
  • utilize patrols, observation points, and checkpoints to interdict and dissuade enemy activities and deny enemy access to key terrain for IED emplacement
  • use counter IED-ambush and scout sniper teams to interdict or kill the en
  • reduce the availability of bomb materials
31
Q

What are the important points for convoy movement?

A
  • Number and Type of vehicles
  • planned speed of movement
  • weapons to provide suppressive fires and dismount assault
  • route selection
  • communication plan
  • pre-movement rehearsals
  • pre-combat inspection
32
Q

What is the key to surviving a VBIED attack?

A

Standoff and cover

33
Q

Describe counter VBIED techniques.

A
  • Top Gunners and security personnel should be constantly aware of any vehicle approaching.
  • Within ROE, any suspicious vehicle should not be allowed to approach coalition forces
  • Convoy and patrol members should know the authorized escalation of force procedures.
  • be aware of danger areas/choke points such as turnoffs that force the patrols to slow down
34
Q

What is maintaining standoff stationary (think long halt)?

A
  • Recon site prior to occupation
  • perform 5 to 25 meter checks upon halt
  • maximize distance from roadway
  • make use good natural barriers
  • maintain good dispersion
  • quickly establish over perimeter
  • establish overwatch of primary position
  • defend in depth
  • position ECM devices for max coverage
  • keep RD clear of civilian vehicles

Exam IV (6 decks)

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