IDs Flashcards
Cartucho
-written by Nellie Campobello
-Mex Rev via woman’s perspective
-account of daily life during the war
-Describes soldiers’ humanity…
leaders crying
soldiers singing lullabies
playing with children.
La Araucana
-16th century poema épico in 1st p.
-Alonso de Ercilla from Spain.
-siglo de oro
-depicts Spanish conquest of Chile
-Spanish-centered view of the
conquista of a “lessers”
Mario Vargas Llosa
- Peruvian writer del Boom.
- wrote: La casa verde, La ciudad y los perros.
- explores themes of Peruvian society through the lens of his experience as a native Peruvian.
- critical of dictatorships n systems of power.
José María Heredia
-Cuban, first Romantic poet of Latin America
-AKA “El Cantor del Niagara”.
-life in exile from Spanish authorities
-Obras: “En El Teocalli de Cholula,”
it explores the universality of nature and beauty of indigenous world
Horacio Quiroga
-cuentista de Uruguay
-lile Edgar Allen Poe and Arg. Julio Cortázar
-require the work n complicity del lector
-Dreamlike and surreal
-Themes: jungle, animals, survival
Obra: Manual del perfecto cuentista, in which he sarcastic explains 10 norms to follow (rejecting realism)
“Fiesta de las balas”
- cuento de mex journalist Martín Luis Guzmán
- un retrato de Mex Rev salvaje y brutal
- Theme: violence of Pancho Villa as a rep of the Rev
- Pacho Villa como un bárbaro y de lenidad a la vez; como carismático y mortífero.
“Carta a Luis de Santangel”
- de Cristóbal Colón to his financier
- describes interactions with the natives
- impressed by generosity, they are sub-human
- Elaborates on gold n riches
- stories: big gold for correa de piel
- Abducts natives for interrogation
Naturalismo
-like realism: observable and objective reality
-the fierce power of the natural word
-nature’s power over people
-both vulgar and sublime.
-basado en la filosofia del determinismo…
man controlled por sus instintos, sus pasiones y su entorno social y económico
ex: “La compuerta número 12” de Baldomero Lillo
Alberto Fuguet
-author of McOndo movement (Macondo + MacDonalds)
-Obras: Tinta roja,Las películas de mi vida.
The McOndo movement…
beyond el mysticismo rural del Macondo, depicts modern latin urban life:
crime, poverty, mass media, globalization y las consecuencias social
Lo real maravilloso
- by cubano Alejo Carpentier in 1949
- a castro leftist, was often in prison.
- Influenced latin culture during the Boom period
- explores afro-cubanism
- For some, first bit of magical realism:
- shows the fantastic quality of Latin American nature, history and culture: so unbelievable it may be unreal.
Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala
- Quechua nobleman
- chronicled and denounced the terrible treatment of the natives of the Andes by the Spanish after their conquest
- Most notable work: Nueva corónica y buen gobierno.
Sueños digitales
- by Edmundo Paz Soldan
- of McOndo
- replaces aspects of magic with tech, modern focus
- follows Sebastian, a graphic designer, as he goes deeper into a dream-like conspiracy regarding the president.
El Boom
- 60’s and 70’s world-wide fame of latino writing
- Julio CortázarofArgentina
- Carlos FuentesofMexico,
- Mario Vargas LlosaofPeru
- Gabriel García MárquezofColombia.
- challenged conventions of latin lit
- influenced by European and north american modernism
- created a distinct style of lit:
- very political. often magic realist
- popular from avant-guard publishing houses in Spain, like Seix Barralin Barcelona
“Agricultura de la zona tórrida”
- epic poem by Andres Bello, a Venezuelan-chilean
- Describes latin tropics in Virgil style.
- Helped create the Código Civil de la República de Chile.
- Celebrated writer en los dos paises
El Periquillo Sarniento
- by José Joaquín Fernández de Lizardi
- 1st latin American novel, Mex nation-building
- story: degenerate char’s life as he stumbles from one occupation to the next, despite his criollo birth.
- narrative voice: Char on death bed-
- critiques the social conditions that led to his wasteful life. The novel is funny and serious
- una inculpación of Spanish admin in Mex
- themes of ignorance, superstition and corruption
Luis de Góngora
- creator de culteranismo (Gongorismo)
- hates his rival Francisco de Quevedo
- max words for min meaning
- enjoyed neologismos griegos y latinos
Arte Nuevo de hacer comedias en este tiempo
- deLope de Vega, poeta y dramaturgo del siglo de oro y lit del Barroco, como Shakespeare.
- textoensayísticoenversode 1609
- renewed spanish teatro borroco
- la obra breaks classical period norms, explains new ones:
- Rompe con las unidades clásicas, es más flexible
- Mezcla lo trágico y lo cómico.
- Trama compleja, con Triángulos amorosos, y con final feliz
- Mezcla personajes nobles y plebeyos
- División en tres actos
Celestina
- by Fernando de Rojas (de familia de judíos conversos)
- 1499, all dialogue
- marked end of medieval period and beg of el renacimiento de span lit
- story: Calisto, man, uses the old woman Celestina to procure sex with a young girl names Melibea
- They use words of love, but sex is the goal, not marriage.
- He dies in an accident, she kills herself.
Valor, agravio y mujer
- de Ana Caro, una dramaturga española, Siglo oro (17th)
- una comedia de capa y espalda
- story: heroine Leonor (as a man), chases her ex-lover Juan across the sea, wooing Estela her rival (as a man).
- love triangle, manipulates everyone to marry Juan.
- Feminist novel, 2 possible interpretations:
1) Leonor is a powerful feminist heroine, who effectively navigates the conventions of gender in order to get what she wants;
2) she is a heroine who is only able to challenge social norms until patriarchal ‘order’ is restored at the end of the play, i.e. traditional ‘happy ending’ of marriage.
Conceptismo
- lit movement from the Baroque period during siglo de oro
- relates mostly to la prosa.
- Baltasar Gracián define el «concepto» como:
- Un acto del entendimiento que expresa la correspondencia que se halla entre los objetos. Sus recursos más usuales son…
- juego ingenioso de palabras, ideas, conceptos, de que resulta en un estilo lleno de chistes, simbolos, etc.
- laelipsis, elzeugma, laanfibologíaypolisemia, laantítesis, elequívoco, laparadojao laparonomasia, siempre en búsqueda de unlaconismo.
- complex multiple meanings via min words
Rosalía de Castro
- Galician poet who wrote in gallego y castellano
- educated woman, challenged norms by writing in nat lang. -una figura emblemática del Rexurdimento gallego
- obra: Cantares gallegos on May 17th, 1863, a collection of poetry
- this day is known as Día das Letras Galegas
- protected women’s rights and fought authoritative abuses of power against the poor.
La rebelión de las masas
- book by José Ortega y Gasset (1930)
- la Hipótesis de Ortega - que el avance científico es el resultado del trabajo de la multitud de pequeñas aportaciones de una mayoría de científicos.
- usa los conceptos “masa” y “hombre-masa”.
José Zorrilla
- Spainish romantic dramaturgo
- obra: Don Juan Tenorio, (1844)
- del teatro romántico
- Challenged the las normas rígidas neoclásicas.
- Es un drama romántico of Don Juan, and ends with a happy ending.
Culteranismo
- stylistic movement del tiempo Barroco
- started by Luis de Góngora
- in contrast to Conceptismo, Herejía de poetry
- uses an artificial exaggerated form of cultured language using high brow metaforms and such to express beauty.
- uses super complex lang and reverse syntax to impress, big metaphors, many words to conceal meaning
- culto + luteranismo - more connected with sensaciones en la poesia.
Fray Luis de León
- Fray y poet from Renacimiento and siglo de oro.
- obra: La perfecta casada (wife)
- explica las valores de las mujeres cristianas
- popular wedding gift
- served as instructions for couples and women
- defended women’s role in society
