idk yet Flashcards
Hand, foot and mouth disease
Self limiting childhood infection, caused by coxsackie and enterovirus’.
Sore throat, fever, oral ulcers, vesicles on palms and soles of feet.
Chicken pox
Varicella zoster virus
Fever, itchy rash starting on trunk/head then spreading. Initially macular then papular then vesicular.
Measles
Prodrome: irritable, conjunctivitis, fever.
Koplik spots on buccal mucosa, rash starts behind ears and spreads to whole body.
IgM Ab within few days of rash beginning.
Complications: otitis media, pneumonia
Mumps
Very infectious
Fever, malaise, muscular pain, parotitis, complications: orchitis, hearing loss, pancreatitis.
Rubella
German measles caused by togavirus.
Low fever and maculopapular rash.
Erythema infectiosum- cause, symptoms
Caused by parvovirus B19, aka slapped cheek syndrome.
Mild fever, red rash on cheeks, may spread. Feel better once rash begins. May reappear in warm bath, sunlight, heat or fever for months afterwards.
Can cause aplastic crisis in sickle cell disease.
Kawasaki disease
Vasculitis seen in children.
High grade fever > 5 days. Red cracked lips, strawberry tongue, cervical lymphadenopathy, red hands and soles which later peel.
Treat with high dose aspirin, IV immunoglobulin, and do an echo to screen for coronary artery aneurysms.
Roseola infantum
Caused by HHV6. High fever, followed by maculopapular rash.
Nagayama spots- on uvula and soft palate.
Febrile convulsions and diarrhoea and cough are also commonly seen.
Meningitis
Do not do LP if neurological signs, papilledema, bulging of fontanelle, DIC or cerebral herniation
If < 3 months IV amoxicillin + IV cefotaxime.
If > 3 months IV cefotaxime or ceftriaxone.
Household prophylaxis- ciprofloxacin
Causes of meningitis
Neonates < 3 months -Group B strep, E coli, listeria
< 6 years- Neisseria meningitidis, strep pneumoniae, haemophilus
> 6 Neisseria meningitidis, strep pneumoniae
If caused by meningococcal meningitis give benzylpenicillin
