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Board Exam > Idk > Flashcards

Idk Flashcards

1
Q

Mycosis

A

A fungal infection which may result from prolonged use of antibiotics or from immunosuppression

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2
Q

Blood vessels are examples of this level or organization.

A

organ

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3
Q

Which of the following is a monosaccharide?

A

glucose

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4
Q

An important function of the cell membrane is:

A

acting as an “identification tag” for the cell

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5
Q

The structure in the cell that controls most of the activities of the cell is the:

A

nucleus

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6
Q

Stratified squamous tissue is an example of:

A

epithelial tissue

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7
Q

Smooth, striated, and cardiac are examples of:

A

muscle tissue

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8
Q

The integumentary system of the body includes:

A

. the skin
. hair
. specialized sense organs
All of the above

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9
Q

The skeletal system includes all of the following except:

A

Includes: bones, cartilage & ligaments

Doesn’t Include: tendons

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10
Q

The skeletal system does not:

A

produce vitamin D

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11
Q

The functions of the nervous system include all of the following except:

A

Include:
integration of body function
control of body function

Doesn’t Include: regulation of the immune response

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12
Q

The nervous system performs the same general function as the:

A

endocrine system

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13
Q

The outermost layer of the epidermis is called the:

A

stratum corneum

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14
Q

The layer of the epidermis that is constantly undergoing mitosis is called the:

A

stratum germinativum

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15
Q

Which of the following is the receptor in skin that detects pain?

A

free nerve endings

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16
Q

Moving part of the body away from the midline of the body is:

A

abduction

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17
Q

The muscle attachment to the more movable bone is called the:

A

insertion

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18
Q

The muscle attachment to the more stationary bone is called the:

A

origin

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19
Q

The thin myofilament of the skeletal muscles is made of:

A

actin

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20
Q

When a muscle fiber is subjected to a stimulus, it contracts completely. This is called:

A

the all-or-none law

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21
Q

Which of the following muscles is not a muscle that moves the upper extremities?

A

Includes: biceps brachii, triceps brachii & latissimus dorsi

Doesn’t Include: rectus abdominis

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22
Q

The two principal divisions that make up the nervous system are the:

A

peripheral and central

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23
Q

Cells that produce myelin for the cells of the brain and spinal cord are the:

A

oligodendrocytes

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24
Q

Cells that produce myelin for cells outside the brain and spinal cord are the:

A

Schwann cells

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25
Q

The right and left sides of the cerebrum are connected by the:

A

corpus callosum

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26
Q

The ridges in the cerebrum are called:

A

gyri

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27
Q

The tough outer layer of meninges is called the:

A

dura mater

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28
Q

The sense of hearing can be classified as a:

A

mechanoreceptor

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29
Q

The eardrum is:

A

also called the tympanic membrane

Not:
. at the end of the auditory tube
. part of the inner ear

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30
Q

The endocrine system consists of glands that:

A

Correct!
release chemicals into the blood

Wrong:
release chemicals into ducts
release chemicals into body cavities

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31
Q

Second messengers are important in the functioning of:

A

nonsteroid hormones

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32
Q

Nonsteroid hormones have hormone receptors in the:

A

cell membrane

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33
Q

The anterior pituitary:

A

is called the adenohypophysis

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34
Q

The posterior pituitary gland releases:

A

ADH

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35
Q

The parathyroid hormone:

A

has the opposite effect of calcitonin

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36
Q

Epinephrine

A

Correct!
is released in response to stress

Wrong
. is released by the inner zone of the adrenal cortex
.reinforces the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system

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37
Q

Insulin:

A

Correct!

. is made by beta cells in the pancreas
. has the opposite effect of glucagon
. decreases the blood glucose level

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38
Q

In order for T4 to be produced, the diet must contain sufficient amounts of:

A

iodine

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39
Q

The blood type with no antigens on the blood cell and both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the plasma is:

A

type O

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40
Q

The “universal donor” blood type is:

A

type O

41
Q

The innermost layer of the heart is called the:

A

endocardium

42
Q

The outermost layer of the heart is called the:

A

epicardium

visceral pericardium

43
Q

When the left ventricle contracts, it pushes blood through a valve to the:

A

aorta

44
Q

The “pacemaker” for the heart is usually the:

A

sinoatrial node

45
Q

The first blood vessel of systemic circulation is the:

A

aorta

46
Q

The thoracic duct:

A

is the largest lymph vessel in the body

47
Q

The name of the lymphatic vessels in the walls of the small intestine is:

A

lacteals

48
Q

Which tonsils are located on either side of the throat?

A

palatine tonsils

49
Q

Heat, one sign of inflammation, is caused by:

A

increased blood flow to the inflamed area

50
Q

Receiving a flu shot to help protect you from getting the flu would be an example of:

A

artificial active immunity

51
Q

If you have had the measles, you cannot get them again. This is an example of:

A

natural active immunity

52
Q

Which of the following are called adenoids when they become swollen?

A

pharyngeal tonsils

53
Q

The mucous blanket:

A

traps dust, pollen, and other contaminants

54
Q

All of the following are paranasal sinuses except the:

A

Includes: frontal sinus
maxillary sinus
sphenoid sinus

Doesn’t Include:
mandibular sinus

55
Q

The function of the surfactant in the lung is to help:

A

reduce the surface tension of water in the alveoli

56
Q

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and blood in the lung is called:

A

external respiration

57
Q

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and cells throughout the body is called:

A

internal respiration

58
Q

The space between the vocal cords is called the:

A

glottis

59
Q

The auditory, or eustachian, tubes connect the

A

middle ear with the nasopharynx

60
Q

The main function of lacteals is:

A

to transport fats to the bloodstream

61
Q

The part of the stomach that joins with the small intestine is the:

A

pylorus

62
Q

The sequence of sections of small intestine through which food passes would be:

A

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

63
Q

The function of bile is to:

A

emulsify fat
remove cholesterol from the body

64
Q

At the hepatic flexure, the:

A

ascending colon becomes the transverse colon

65
Q

At the splenic flexure, the:

A

transverse colon becomes the descending colon

66
Q

The most abundant end product of carbohydrate digestion is:

A

glucose

67
Q

Protein digestion begins in the:

A

stomach

68
Q

Bile

A

causes the emulsification of fat
is made in the liver
works in the small intestine

69
Q

The tube that drains bile from the gallbladder is the:

A

cystic duct

70
Q

When food molecules enter the cell and undergo chemical changes there, the process is called:

A

assimilation

71
Q

Which process builds up food molecules into more complex molecules?

A

anabolism

72
Q

Which process breaks food molecules into smaller molecules to release energy?

A

catabolism

73
Q

ATP:

A

Corect: serves as the direct source of energy for the cell

Wrong:
releases food energy slowly
is produced primarily by the citric acid cycle

74
Q

The use the body makes of food describes which term?

A

metabolism

75
Q

The cortex of the kidney is the:

A

outer part of the kidney

76
Q

The pyramids of the kidney are:

A

the triangular divisions of the medulla

77
Q

The pelvis of the kidney is:

A

an expansion of the upper end of the ureter

78
Q

The nephron is composed of the:

A

renal corpuscle

renal tubule

79
Q

Bowman’s capsule is:

A

the cup-shaped top part of the nephron

80
Q

The glomerulus is:

A

a network of blood capillaries

81
Q

The movement of substances from the blood into the renal tubules is called:

A

secretion

82
Q

Which hormone is secreted by the pituitary gland and increases the permeability of the collecting tube to water?

A

ADH

83
Q

Which hormone is secreted by the adrenal glands and increases the absorption of salt?

A

aldosterone

84
Q

The hormone that reduces the amount of water in the body is:

A

ANH

85
Q

The hormone that increases the amount of water in the body is:

A

ADH
aldosterone

86
Q

The largest volume of water in the body is:

A

the fluid inside the cells

87
Q

A solution with a pH of 7.0 would:

A

be a neutral solution

88
Q

The tough, whitish membrane surrounding the testes is called the:

A

tunica albuginea

89
Q

Sperm cells develop in the:

A

seminiferous tubules

90
Q

The fringelike structures on the funnel-shaped end of the oviduct are called:

A

fimbriae

91
Q

The erectile tissue of the female external genitalia is the:

A

clitoris

92
Q

Fertilization usually occurs in the:

A

oviduct

93
Q

A valuable laboratory test for determining bacterial identification is a/an:

A

Gram stain

94
Q

Microbes that prefer to live without oxygen are called:

A

Anaerobes

95
Q

Which if the following microorganisms is rod-shaped?

A

Bacillus

96
Q

Which of the following is not an inhalation anesthetic agent?

A

Fentanyl citrate

97
Q

A method of anesthesia in which medication is injected into the subarachnoid space affecting a portion of the spinal cord is called:

A

Spinal block

98
Q

What term is used to refer to performing surgery at a distance with robotic arms?

A

Performing a surgical procedure in real time at a distance is referred to as telesurgery.

Board Exam (2 decks)

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