Ideology In Government Flashcards
1
Q
3 points
What was the Ideology of Alexander II?
A
- Originally had some reformist tendencies, e.g. relaxation of censorship, emancipation etc.
- Became more reactionary after 1866 assassination attempt, e.g. Vera Zasulich case.
- Belived Tsars were given divine right to rule by god.
2
Q
3 points
What was the ideology of Alexander III?
A
- Published “Manifesto on Unshakeable Autocracy” in April 29th, 1881, two months after assassination of his father.
- Influenced by Pobedonostev, the manifesto rejected the reforms of A2 in favor of “unshakeable autocracy”.
- Believed Tsars were given divine right to rule by god.
3
Q
1 point
What was the ideology of Nicholas II?
A
- Committed to autocracy. Despite the October Manifesto, 1905, Nicholas introduced the Fundamental Laws in 1906 which reaffirmed his commitment to autocracy and supreme power as Tsar, given to him by God.
4
Q
2 points
What was the ideology of the Provisional Government?
A
- Based on concept of liberal democracy.
- Wanted to establish a constituent assembly, but WWI interfered with this.
5
Q
4 points
What was the ideology of Lenin?
A
- Theoretical commitment to Marxism.
- October revolution ushered in “Dictatorship of the Proletariat”, with leaders on behalf of the workers.
- Marxism-Leninism rejected gradual approach of revolution advocated by Marx.
- Highly centralised state power, with all decision-making in the hands of the Bolshevik elite, esp. Politburo.
6
Q
3 points
What was the ideology of Stalin?
A
- In theory, continuation of Marixism-Leninism, e.g. by continuation of dictatorship of the proletariat.
- Invoked ideas such as Russian Nationalism and “socialism in one country”, consolidating his grip on the USSR.
- In practice, return to autocratic rule - Stalin known as the “Red Tsar”.
7
Q
3 points
A
- Continuation of Marxism-Leninism.
- Policy of De-Stalinisation enforced.
- Moved away from total autocracy towards a more collective form of communist party leadership.
